Title Page
Contents
Abstract 8
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 10
1.1. BACKGROUND 10
1.2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE AND QUESTIONS 12
1.3. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 13
1.4. STRUCTURE OF THESIS 14
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 16
2.1. SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) 16
2.2. SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION OF SEAPORTS 18
2.2.1. Role of Seaport in the Supply Chains 18
2.2.2. Integration of Ports in Supply Chains 20
2.2.3. Benefits and Motives of Port Supply Chain Integration 21
2.2.4. Recent Trends in Port Supply Chain Integration Research 22
2.2.5. Components and Constructs 24
2.3. SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION IN VIETNAMESE PORT SECTOR 31
2.3.1. Vietnamese Port Sector 31
2.3.2. SCM and Logistics Studies in Vietnamese Port sector 35
2.4. SUMMARY 36
CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 38
3.1. RESEARCH APPROACH 38
3.1.1. Data Collection Oriented Approach 38
3.1.2. Data Analysis Oriented Approach 40
3.2. RESEARCH PROCESS 40
3.3. PILOT STUDY 42
3.4. QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY DEVELOPMENT 42
3.4.1. Sampling and Data Collection Method 42
3.4.2. Questionnaire Design 44
3.5. DATA ANALYSIS METHOD 45
3.5.1. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) 46
3.5.2. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) 47
3.5.3. Structural equation modelling analysis (SEM) 48
3.6. VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 50
3.7. CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 51
3.7.1. Conceptual Model and Research Hypotheses 51
CHAPTER 4. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS AND PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS 62
4.1. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS 62
4.1.1 Response rate and Sample size 62
4.1.2 Demographic profile of respondents. 64
4.2. DATA CLEANING 65
4.2.1. Missing data 65
4.2.2. Multivariate Normality 66
4.3. EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS (EFA) 66
CHAPTER 5. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS 73
5.1. STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING (SEM) 73
5.2. MEASUREMENT MODEL ANALYSIS 73
5.2.1. Validity and Reliability 73
5.2.2. Measurement Model Fit 75
5.2.3. CFA results 76
5.3. STRUCTURAL MODEL 80
CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION 88
6.1. RESEARCH FINDINGS 88
6.2. CONTRIBUTIONS, LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE WORKS 91
REFERENCES 93
APPENDIX 102
APPENDIX A. Questionnaire for Port Operators 102
APPENDIX B. ASSESSMENT OF NORMALITY 116
APPENDIX C. RELIABILITY CRONBACH'S ALPHA 117
Table 2.2. Summary of key studies on PSCI 23
Table 2.3. Components and constructs of PSCI 24
Table 2.4. Port performance components/ measures 30
Table 3.1. Summary of alternative goodness-of-fit indices 49
Table 3.2. Definition of constructs 54
Table 3.3. Measurement variables for PSCI 58
Table 3.4. Measurement variables for PP 61
Table 4.1. Questionnaire response rate 63
Table 4.2. Summary of the respondents' type of service 64
Table 4.3. Summary of respondents' job experience 65
Table 4.4. Summary of respondents' job position 65
Table 4.5. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett's Test 68
Table 4.6. Pattern matrix 70
Table 4.7. Total variance explained 71
Table 5.1. Reliability and validity assessment criteria used for measurement model 74
Table 5.2. Fit indices used for measurement model 76
Table 5.3. Standardized factor loading, CR, AVE and MSV of measurement model 78
Table 5.4. Comparing square root of AVE and inter-construct correlations 79
Table 5.5. Fit indices used for structural model 80
Table 5.6. Standardized loading and p-value of the structural path model 83
Table 5.7. Hypotheses testing results 84
Figure 1.1. Research Structure 15
Figure 2.1. Value-added service of logistics centers in port area 27
Figure 2.2. Flow of goods transported from and to Vietnam 32
Figure 2.3. Cargo throughput growth of Vietnamese seaport 2010-2018 33
Figure 2.4. Vietnam Seaports system 35
Figure 3.1. Components of Research approach 38
Figure 3.2. Research process 41
Figure 3.3. Conceptual framework of the study 53
Figure 4.1. Scree plot of factors 69
Figure 5.1. Measurement model with standardized estimates 77
Figure 5.2. Structural path model 81