The penetration rate of an electric vehicle is constantly growing in the market as an essential ecofriendly transportation method stagnates. Building essential electric charging infrastructure to provide electric energy for the growing number of vehicles is now essential. However, compared to the number of electric vehicles, not enough electric charging infrastructure is building due to the issues with the amount of power and the lack of finding a proper location. To solve these issues, there is a rising need to study electric charging infrastructure; unfortunately, most studies are focused on the new method of charging and techniques. There currently are not enough studies about efficient charging when using previous charging infrastructure.
The charging infrastructure can be distinguished with the pattern of charging: this includes the housing model by personal users and the garage model by business users.
Standard charge infrastructure in housing areas for the personal user pattern is built for charging electric vehicles in the crowded housing areas such as multi-unit housing models as seen in high rise condominium complexes. Many users charge their cars at the same time or same place when using the multi-unit housing models, thus creating the issues concerning overload compared to their contraction.
This issue concerning significant usage of Standard charge electric vehicle charging in combination with the regular usage of electricity at the same time can create a peak usage of electricity, the malfunction of the system, or inefficiencies in receiving proper power capacity. This problem ultimately leads to the stopping of provision of the electricity in the area. Therefore, there are lively studies focused on charging schedules that can efficiently divide many users at the same time based on the limited contract amount of the electricity.
For the efficient way of charging systems in the housing areas, the studies show that the contract amount of electricity from the contractor should divide equally and build Standard chargers to charge. This is not a different charging system by the condition, but all the same charging system with the same amount of electricity. This makes it quite inconvenient for local electric car users who are becoming significantly larger in number to charge their cars. This situation exists because the number of installations of Standard charger is decided by the contracted amount and it is difficult to make enough Standard chargers without overloading the stipulated contract.
Quick Charging infrastructure for the garage model of the business user pattern is ineffectively used for bus quick charging infrastructure in order to meet the regular bus schedule and safe driving. For the aspect of the business it needs short waiting hours to keep the time schedule. Even though the Quick chargers are used to keep short waiting hours, some buses cannot receive the minimum charges needed to maintain the drive since the number of chargers is decided on the contracted amount of electricity. This means the lack of numbers of chargers makes buses needing electricity in the limited hours face longer waiting periods than they originally planned. The issues of minimum amount of charging to maintain a sustainable bus route can cause inconvenience for bus users. Users waste their fare as they experience slow speed during routes, stoppage of both heaters or coolers, and bus drivers skipping the bus stop to conserve charges. Therefore, numerous studies for an efficient charging system with limited electricity and time are currently being conducted.
Generally the studies on efficient charging methods for the garage model focused on the bus interval scheduling. This examines the order of buses needed according to the order of buses running, correlated with the meet of contracted power capacity. Scheduling is decided, and buses from this order should charge completely and run. Power Distributed System should be reflected with both the condition of running and charging schedule. There are studies which show that one of the solutions of the original charging schedule try to be made up with Distribution Switchboard and EV panel board as a charging system which can be dependent on the charging environment and condition with received power capacity. However, for efficient charging with Distribution Switchboard and EV panel board, the information of charging amounts of electric cars is needed and also applies for Quick Changes not suitable for Standard Charges.
To solve all these issues, this essay will present the effective modeling of both charging scheduling and Power Distributed System based on adopted environment variables like estimated charging amount, waiting hours for charging and charging fare in the system of distributed switchboard and EV panel board. This system will make it efficient from the limited receiving power of large complex environment for personal standard charge users and electricity bus garage environments for quick chargers. Adopting scheduling and the Power Distributed system is essential in developing effective electric transportation infrastructure.