Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
LITERATURE REVIEW 17
CAM Plants under Elevated CO₂ 17
Characteristics of Phalaenopsis 22
Nutrient Control 23
Light Control 26
LITERATURE CITED 28
CHAPTER I. Flowering and Gas Exchange Responses of Phalaenopsis under Nighttime Elevated CO₂ and Nutrient Supply 35
ABSTRACT 35
INTRODUCTION 37
MATERIALS AND METHODS 39
RESULTS 43
DISCUSSION 51
LITERATURE CITED 56
CHAPTER II. Impact of Nighttime Elevated CO₂ on the Growth and Flowering of Phalaenopsis Cultivars by Calcium Nitrate and Potassium Sulfate Controls 60
ABSTRACT 60
INTRODUCTION 62
MATERIALS AND METHODS 66
RESULTS 74
DISCUSSION 94
LITERATURE CITED 99
CHAPTER III. Light Intensity Interacts with Calcium Nitrate Levels to Regulate the Growth and Development of Phalaenopsis Queen Beer 'Mantefon' under Nighttime Elevated CO₂ 105
ABSTRACT 105
INTRODUCTION 107
MATERIALS AND METHODS 110
RESULTS 115
DISCUSSION 126
LITERATURE CITED 130
CONCLUSION 135
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 138
Table-1. Responses of CAM plants under elevated CO₂ levels. 20
Table 1-1. Effects of CO₂ level and electric conductivity (EC) on the flower size, the number (No.) of flowers, potential yield, and fresh... 48
Table II-1. Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, the concentrations of calcium (Ca), nitrate (NO₃), ammonium (NH₄) supplied by calcium... 72
Table II-2. Output of three-way ANOVA on the number (No.) of emerged leaves and remaining visible leaves, leaf length and leaf... 76
Table II-3. Output of three-way ANOVA on the chlorophyll content, actual quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), coefficient photochemical...[이미지참조] 77
Table II-4. Output of three-way ANOVA on net CO₂ uptake, stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (tr), water-use efficiency...[이미지참조] 78
Table II-5. Pearson correlation coefficient for the variables of Phalaenopsis cultivars... 79
Table II-6. Output of three-way ANOVA on the flower spike length, the number (No.) of lateral branches, visible floral buds, flowers,... 86
Table II-7. Output of three-way ANOVA on L*, a*, and b* of Phalaenopsis cultivars grown under potassium sulfate (SOP) and CO₂... 87
Table II-8. Output of three-way ANOVA on net CO₂ uptake, stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (tr), water-use efficiency...[이미지참조] 88
Table II-9. Pearson correlation coefficient for the variables of Phalaenopsis Queen... 89
Table III-1. Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, concentrations of nitrate (NO₃),... 114
Table III-2. The stomatal length and width, maximum stomatal aperture, and stomatal... 119
Table III-3. The photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (ΦPISS), maxium...[이미지참조] 122
Table III-4. The number (No.) of flower spikes and floral buds, the flower spike length of first and second spikes, and no. of lateral branches of... 125
Table C-1. Economical analysis following cultivation guide of Phalaenopsis Queen Beer 'Mantefon' using Tri-gen system. 136
Fig. 1-1. CO₂ concentrations in a commercial plastic greenhouse for Phalaenopsis... 42
Fig. 1-2. Effects of CO₂ level and electric conductivity (EC) on the number (No.) of... 45
Fig. 1-3. Effects of CO₂ level and electric conductivity (EC) on the number (No.) of... 46
Fig. 1-4. Effects of CO₂ level and electric conductivity (EC) on the net CO₂ uptake (A,... 50
Fig. II-1. The ambient and elevated CO₂ levels for experiment 1 (A) and 2 (B). Error... 73
Fig. II-2. The number (No.) of emerged leaves (A) and remaining visible leaves (B),... 80
Fig. II-3. The chlorophyll content (A), actual quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) (B),... 82
Fig. II-4. The net CO₂ uptake (A), the stomatal conductance (gs) (B), transpiration rate... 83
Fig. II-5. The flower spike length (A), the number (No.) of lateral branches (B), visible... 91
Fig. II-6. The L* (A), a* (B), and b* (C) of petal coloration of Phalaenopsis Queen... 92
Fig. II-7. The net CO₂ uptake (A), stomatal conductance (gs) (B), transpiration rate (tr)...[이미지참조] 93
Fig. III-1. The survival rate (A) and the number (No.) of emerged leaves (B) and... 116
Fig. III-2. The mature leaf length (A) and width (B) and immature leaf length (C) and... 118
Fig. III-3. The electron transport rate by incident photosynthetic photon flux density... 123
Fig. III-4. The net CO₂ uptake (A), stomatal conductance (gs) (B), transpiration rate... 124
Fig. C-1. The cultivation guide of Phalaenopsis Queen Beer 'Mantefon' under elevated CO₂. 137