Title Page
Abstract
Contents
1. Introduction 11
1.1. Background and Necessity 11
1.2. Purpose 13
1.3. Hypothesis 14
2. Theoretical background 15
2.1. Structure and Function of the Shoulder Joint 15
2.2. Structure and Function of the rotator cuff 17
2.3. Centralization 18
3. Methods 19
3.1. Subjects 20
3.2. Process of Research 21
3.3. Intervention 23
3.4. Clinical Measurements 36
3.5. Statistical Analysis 40
4. Results 41
4.1. Test for homogeneity among subject characteristics 41
4.2. Homogeneity test for subject pretests 42
4.3. Comparison of Pain 43
4.4. Comparison of joint range of motion 44
4.4.1. Comparison of shoulder joint flexion range 44
4.4.2. Comparison of outward shoulder rotation range 45
4.4.3. Comparison of inward shoulder joint rotation range 46
4.5. Comparison of upper extremity function 47
4.6. Comparison of grip strength 48
5. Discussion 49
6. Conclusion 57
List of references 58
List of abbreviations 70
Appendix 73
6.1. Agreement to Participate in Research 73
6.2. Explanation for the subject agreement 74
6.3. Abstract(Korean) 77
7.4. Korea Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder And Hand 1, 2 79
(1) KDASH (Korea Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder And Hand) 79
(2) KDASH (Korea Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder And Hand) 81
Table 1. K-E concept shoulder joint stabilization exercise program 24
Table 2. Passive joint range of motion exercise program 25
Table 3. General characteristics of subjects and homogeneity tests 41
Table 4. Pre-inspection of subjects and homogeneity tests 42
Table 5. Comparison of VAS between the experimental and control group 43
Table 6. Comparison of flexion ROM between the experimental and control group 44
Table 7. Comparison of external rotation ROM between the experimental and control group 45
Table 8. Comparison of internal rotation ROM between the experimental and control group 46
Table 9. Comparison of DASH between the experimental and control group 47
Table 10. Comparison of Grip strength between the experimental and control group 48
Figure.1. Flow chart 22
Figure.2. K-E concept shoulder joint stabilization exercise 1st stage 26
Figure.3. K-E concept shoulder joint stabilization exercise 2nd stage 27
Figure.4. K-E concept shoulder joint stabilization exercise 3 steps 28
Figure.5. Manual joint range of motion exercise (flexion) 29
Figure.6. Manual joint range of motion exercise (flexion, external rotation) 30
Figure.7. Manual joint range of motion exercises (flexion, external rotation, internal rotation) 31
Figure.8. Active range of motion exercises (wrist flexion, extension, elbow flexion, extension) 32
Figure.9. General physical therapy (warm compress, interference wave current therapy,... 33
Figure.10. Continuous passive motion, CPM 34
Figure.11. Passive scapular mobilization 35
Figure.12. Visual Analogue Scale, VAS 36
Figure.13. goniometer: Preston, USA 37
Figure.14. Goniometer measurement posture 37
Figure.15. Electronic hand dynamometer 39
Figure.16. grip force measurement 39