Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 12
I. Introduction 15
1. Research Background 15
2. Purpose of Research 17
3. Significance of Research 19
4. Research Methodology and Structure 21
II. Theoretical Background and Literature Review 24
1. Concept of Organizational Open Innovation 24
1.1. Perspectives on Open Innovation 24
1.2. Measuring Open Innovation Practices 26
2. Organizational Open Innovation Research Area 27
III. Organizational OI Attitude Assessment Framework 30
1. Research Framework 30
1.1. Conceptual Research Model 32
2. Scale Development Procedure 35
2.1. OI Attitude Assessment Questionnaire Development 47
2.2. Hollis Test for Delphi Surveys 49
2.3. Results of Pilot Study 55
2.4. Construct Analysis Results for COIAA Main Survey 61
2.5. Qualitative Research and Generation of the Initial Questionnaire 63
3. Data Collection and Analysis 67
3.1. Data Collection and Analysis Results 67
3.2. Factor Structure and Reliability Test Results 72
3.3. Validity Test Results 77
IV. Effect of Organizational OI Capabilities on Performance 84
1. Operational Definition and Hypothesis Development 84
1.1. Organizational OI Capabilities and Performance: A Multi-dimensional Construct 85
2. Research Methodology 96
2.1. Statistical Analysis Techniques 98
2.2. Definition of the Measurement Variables 99
3. Data Collection and Analysis 105
3.1. Convergent and Discriminant Validity Test 108
3.2. Structural Research Model Evaluation 113
3.3. Research Hypothesis Test Results 115
V. Discussion and Conclusion 123
1. Summary of Research Results and Discussions 123
2. Research Implications and Contributions 124
2.1. Theoretical Contributions 125
2.2. Practical Contributions 127
3. Limitations and Future Research Direction 132
Bibliography 135
Appendices 168
[Appendix I] Corporate Open Innovation Attitude Assessment (COIAA) Questionnaire 168
[Appendix II] 36-Item Corporate Open Innovation Attitude Assessment (COIAA) Scale: Factor Loadings After Varimax Rotation Matrix 172
Table 1. Indicative Organizational OI Capabilities from the Literature 36
Table 2. Classification of Role Perspective in OI Ecosystem 40
Table 3. Examples of OI Activities by Locus 44
Table 4. Hollis reliability test for Delphi Survey (1) 51
Table 5. Hollis reliability test for Delphi Survey (2) 54
Table 6. Item Analysis for COIAA Pilot Survey (1) 57
Table 7. Item Analysis for COIAA Pilot Survey (2) 59
Table 8. Item Analysis for COIAA Main Survey 61
Table 9. Descriptive Sample Statistics 68
Table 10. KMO and Bartlett's Test 70
Table 11. Exploratory Factor Analysis for COIAA Main Survey 74
Table 12. Results of Convergent Validity Test. 79
Table 13. Results of Discriminant Validity Test 81
Table 14. The Interrelation of DCs and OI 87
Table 15. Strong DCs Make OI Effective 87
Table 16. Operational Definitions and Literature Sources 100
Table 17. Questionnaire Constructs and Variables 102
Table 18. Demographic Characteristics of the Sample 107
Table 19. Construct Reliability and Validity 109
Table 20. Discriminant Validity: Fornell-Larcker Criterion 112
Table 21. Collinearity Assessment (Inner VIF Values) 113
Table 22. R² Value 115
Table 23. Predictive Relevance (Q²) Value 116
Table 24. Hypothesis Test Results 117
Table 25. Relationship Path Test Results 118
Figure 1. Research Structure 23
Figure 2. Ten steps and three phases in scale development (Slavec and... 30
Figure 3. ABC model of attitude (Breckler, 1984) 34
Figure 4. Conceptual research model for organizational OI attitude... 47
Figure 5. Scree Plot for COIAA Main Survey. 71
Figure 6. Component Plot in Rotated Space. 72
Figure 7. Second-order CFA with six dimensions as first-order construct... 83
Figure 8. Organizational OI Capabilities Framework 97
Figure 9. Conceptual Research Model 97
Figure 10. Estimation Valid Model 114