Since the industrial revolution, air pollutants, including greenhouse gases, have remarkably increased due to the excessive use of fossil fuels, and ships have become a major factor of air pollution in harbors. Several policies and regulations have implemented to reduce air pollutants generated by ships. In Korea, establishing an endemic emission factor according to Korea's geographic characteristics is necessary because it uses foreign emission factors to calculate air pollutant emission rates in the ship sector.
Air pollutants (CO₂, CO, NOX, THC and PM2.5) emitted from a 4,701-ton class passenger ship equipped with mechanical control engine and a 9,196-ton class passenger ship equipped with an electronic control engine were measured using a portable emission measurement system.
According to the measurement results, the emission characteristics of the mechanical and electronic control engines differed, and the emissions varied depending on the operating mode. Furthermore, a partial difference was confirmed between the emissions measured by the portable emission measurement system and the emissions applied with domestic and foreign emission factors.
For CO₂ emissions, there was a 7% difference from the emissions applied with the domestic emission factor, and CO emissions were generally higher than those calculated, especially in the navigation full mode. NOX emissions measured at a relatively high RPM range were lower. The measured THC emissions of electronic control engine and those applied with emission factor considerably differed. Given that measured emissions of PM2.5 were very low, it appears that the current emission factor is being applied excessively.
For the system establishment of ship emission factors based on measurement, time-weighted and linear regression methods are presented. Also, compared to the result applied with domestic and foreign emission factors, the necessity of reviewing current emission factors was suggested.