Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 8
초록 11
I. Introduction 13
II. Theoretical Background 15
II-1. Types of Fuel Cell 15
II-2. Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) 15
II-3. Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) 20
II-4. Polymer Electrolyte Membranes (PEM) 22
II-4-1. Perfluorosulfonic Acid (PFSA) Polymer Membrane 23
II-4-2. Sulfonated hydrocarbon Membrane 25
II-5. Heteropoly acid (HPA) 30
III. Research Methodologies 34
III-1. SPEEK 34
III-1-1. Sulfonation of SPEEK 34
III-1-2. SPEEK Membrane 36
III-1-3. SPEEK/HPA Membrane 36
III-2. Nafion 37
III-2-1. Nafion Membrane 37
III-2-2. Nafion/HPA Membrane 39
III-3. Production of Membrane 39
III-4. Analysis of MEA 41
III-4-1. I-V Curve 41
III-4-2. H-NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) 44
IV. RESULTS 47
IV-1. Polarization (I-V) Curve 47
IV-1-1. SPEEK vs SPEEK/HPA 47
IV-1-2. Nafion vs Nafion/HPA 49
V. Conclusion 54
VI. REFERENCE 56
Figure 1. Operating principle of PEMFC 18
Figure 2. Structures of (a) the single cell of PEMFC and (b) MEA 19
Figure 3. Triple Phase Boundary (TPB) 21
Figure 4. Schematic of clusters in Nafion 24
Figure 5. Structure of Nafion 28
Figure 6. Sulfonation scheme of PEEK 29
Figure 7. Structure of HPA (PW12O40)[이미지참조] 31
Figure 8. Keggin sturcture 33
Figure 9. Sulfonation of PEEK process 35
Figure 10. SPEEK/HPA membrane manufacture process 38
Figure 11. Nafion/HPA membrane manufacture process 40
Figure 12. (a) I-V Curve and (b) Three losses in fuel cell 43
Figure 13. Different types of protons present in the SPEEK molecular chain 45
Figure 14. I-V Curve of MEASPEEK and MEASPEEK/HPA[이미지참조] 48
Figure 15. J-V Curve and Activation Loss of MEASPEEK and MEASPEEK/HPA[이미지참조] 50
Figure 16. I-V Curve of MEANafion and MEANafion/HPA[이미지참조] 52
Figure 17. J-V Curve and Activation Loss of MEANafion and MEANafion/HPA[이미지참조] 53