Title Page
Contents
국문초록 9
ABSTRACT 14
Chapter 1. Introduction 22
Section 1. Research background and purpose 22
1. Research background 22
2. Research purpose 26
Section 2. Research methods and contents 28
1. Research methods 28
2. Research contents 30
Section 3. Research significance and innovations 33
1. Theoretical significance 33
2. Realistic significance 34
3. Research innovations 35
Chapter 2. Literature Review 39
Section 1. Research on forest park 39
1. The concept of forest park 39
2. Research on forest park 40
Section 2. Research on tourism eco-efficiency 51
1. The concept of efficiency 51
2. The concept of Eco-efficiency 52
3. The concept of tourism eco-efficiency 53
4. Research on tourism eco-efficiency of forest park 54
Section 3. Research on spatial differences of forest park 54
1. Economic growth theory 54
2. Tourism spatial structure theory 58
3. Tourism area life cycle theory 60
4. Tourism sustainable development theory 62
Chapter 3. The Research Models 65
Section 1. DEA basic principle and models 65
1. CCR model 66
2. BCC model 68
3. SBM model 69
4. Super SBM model 70
Section 2. Malmquist index model 71
Section 3. Spatial autocorrelation model 73
1. Global spatial autocorrelation 74
2. Local spatial autocorrelation 75
Section 4. Convergence model 76
1. σ convergence model 76
2. Absolute β convergence model 77
3. Conditional β convergence model 78
4. Spatial econometric model 78
Chapter 4. Research Design and Empirical Analysis 83
Section 1. Research object and data sources 83
Section 2. Evaluation and spatial-temporal analysis 83
1. Indicator variable selection 84
2. Overall characteristics of tourism eco-efficiency 89
3. Spatial difference of forest park tourism eco-efficiency 91
Section 3. Dynamic change measured by Malmquist index 96
1. Temporal changes in the average tourism eco-efficiency 96
2. Spatial difference of the Malmquist index 99
Section 4. Spatial correlation analysis of tourism eco-efficiency 101
1. Spatial weight matrix 101
2. Global spatial autocorrelation 102
3. Local spatial autocorrelation 104
Section 5. Convergence analysis of forest park tourism eco-efficiency 110
1. σ convergence 111
2. Absolute β convergence 113
3. Conditional β convergence 116
Chapter 5. Conclusions 119
Section 1. Main conclusions 119
1. Super-SBM efficiency analysis conclusions 119
2. Malmquist index conclusions 121
3. Summary of spatial correlation analysis 122
4. Summary of the convergence analysis 125
Section 2. Policy recommendations 126
Section 3. Limitations of research and future prospects 131
Reference 132
〈Table 4-1〉 Literature review on input-output index of tourism eco-efficiency 84
〈Table 4-2〉 Input-output index system of tourism eco-efficiency 85
〈Table 4-3〉 The Average Tourism Eco-efficiency of Forest Park in Each province from 2011 to 2020 91
〈Table 4-4〉 The regions with Tourism Eco-efficiency over 1 from 2011 to 2020 93
〈Table 4-5〉 Malmquist indexes and its decomposition of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 98
〈Table 4-6〉 Overall malmquist indexes and decomposition indexes 100
〈Table 4-7〉 Moran's I index of tourism eco-efficiency from 2011 to 2020 104
〈Table 4-8〉 Local Moran's I index of tourism eco-efficiency in 2012 105
〈Table 4-9〉 Local Moran's I index of tourism eco-efficiency in 2015 107
〈Table 4-10〉 Local Moran's I index of tourism eco-efficiency in 2018 108
〈Table 4-11〉 Local Moran's I index of tourism eco-efficiency in 2020 109
〈Table 4-12〉 The standard deviation trends of forest park tourism eco-efficiency in overall China and three major regions 111
〈Table 4-13〉 LM and robust LM test results of space lag effect and space error effect 114
〈Table 4-14〉 Estimation results of absolute β spatial convergence 114
〈Table 4-15〉 LM and robust LM test results of space lag effect and space error effect 116
〈Table 4-16〉 Estimation results of conditional β spatial convergence 117
[Figure 1-1] Research structure 30
[Figure 4-1] The average value of tourism eco-efficiency from 2011 to 2020 89
[Figure 4-2] Spatio temporal distributions of tourism eco-efficiency in 2012 94
[Figure 4-3] Spatio temporal distributions of tourism eco-efficiency in 2015 95
[Figure 4-4] Spatio temporal distributions of tourism eco-efficiency in 2018 95
[Figure 4-5] Spatio temporal distributions of tourism eco-efficiency in 2020 96
[Figure 4-6] The value of MI, TECH, EC from 2011 to 2020 97
[Figure 4-7] The value of EC, PECH, SECH from 2011 to 2020 97
[Figure 4-8] Moran's I scatter chart of provincial forest park tourism eco-efficiency cluster in 2012 104
[Figure 4-9] Moran's I scatter chart of provincial forest park tourism eco-efficiency cluster in 2015 106
[Figure 4-10] Moran's I scatter chart of provincial forest park tourism eco-efficiency cluster in 2018 107
[Figure 4-11] Moran's I scatter chart of provincial forest park tourism eco-efficiency cluster in 2020 108
[Figure 4-12] The standard deviation trends of forest park tourism eco-efficiency in overall China and three major regions 112