Title Page
Contents
ABSTRACT 9
Ⅰ. Anxiety-reducing effects of lavender essential oil inhalation: A literature review 11
1.1. Introduction 11
1.2. Methods 15
1.2.1. Data sources and search strategy 15
1.2.2. Eligibility criteria 16
1.2.3. Study selection and data extraction 18
1.3. Results 19
1.3.1. Results of the literature search 19
1.3.2. Study characteristics and outcomes 20
1.3.3. Efficacy of lavender oil inhalation as an anxiolytic therapy 22
1.4. Discussion 29
Ⅱ. Psychophysiological and emotional effects during interactions with a dog by activity type: An electroencephalogram study 34
2.1. Introduction 34
2.2. Materials and Methods 36
2.2.1. Participants 36
2.2.2. Experimental environment 37
2.2.3. Dog 38
2.2.4. Experimental protocol 39
2.2.5. Measurements 43
2.2.6. Statistical analysis 47
2.3. Results 49
2.3.1. Demographic characteristics 49
2.3.2. Electroencephalogram (EEG) 50
2.3.3. Subjective evaluations of the emotional states 55
2.4. Discussion 60
Ⅲ. Comprehensive Discussion 65
References 68
Appendices 82
[Appendix 2-1] Demographic characteristics 82
[Appendix 2-2] Health-related basic research 83
[Appendix 2-3] Profile of mood state (POMS) 84
[Appendix 2-4] Semantic differential method (SDM) and Stress numeric scale (Stress NRS) 85
Abstract (in Korean) 86
Table 1-1. Characteristics of the 11 stuies reviewed 24
Table 2-1. Description of animal-assisted activities performed by the participants 41
Table 2-2. EEG Power spectrum indicators used 48
Table 2-3. Demographic characteristics 49
Table 2-4. Results of the relative alpha power spectrum (RA), relative slow alpha power spectrum (RSA), and relative fast alpha power spectrum (RFA)... 51
Table 2-5. Results of the relative beta power spectrum (RB), relative low beta power spectrum (RLB), and relative mid beta power spectrum (RMB) by... 53
Figure 1-1. Flow-diagram of literature review and selection process 19
Figure 2-1. Experiment room arrangement 37
Figure 2-2. Study procedure. EEG=electroencephalography; POMS=Profile of Mood State; SDM=Semantic differential Method; Stress NRS... 40
Figure 2-3. The appearance of animal-assisted activities performed by the participants: (A) meet, (B) play, (C) feed, (D) massage, (E) groom, (F)... 42
Figure 2-4. (A) Wearing the wireless dry electroencephalography device (Quick-8; Cognionics, San Diego, CA). (B) International 10-20 system of... 44
Figure 2-5. Comparisons of fatigue (A), depression-dejection (B), vigor (C) scores in the POMS for each activity. **, *** = significant at p<0.01 and 0.001... 56
Figure 2-6. Comparisons of total mood disturbance (TMD) scores in the POMS for each activity. *** = significant at p<0.001 via ANOVA. Post-hoc... 57
Figure 2-7. Comparisons of comfortable (A), natural (B), and relaxed (C) scores in the SDM for each activity. *** = significant at p<0.001 via ANOVA.... 58
Figure 2-8. Comparisons of the Stress NRS scores for each activity. ** = significant at p<0.01 via ANOVA. Post-hoc analysis: a>b via Duncan's 59