Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
ABBREVIATION 12
1. INTRODUCTION 13
1.1. Background 13
1.2. Tavantolgoi - Zuunbayan Railway 14
1.3. Geometry 15
1.4. Geotechnical Condition 16
1.5. Research Objectives 18
1.6. Scope 18
1.7. Significance of the Research 19
1.8. Organization of the Thesis 21
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 22
2.1. Sieve Analysis 23
2.2. Soil Atterberg Limits Analysis 26
2.3. Soil Compaction Test 30
2.4. Finite Element Method 32
2.5. Shear Strength 35
2.6. Factor of Safety 40
2.7. Software Selection for Research 41
2.8. Plaxis 42
2.9. Case Studies 43
2.10. Research Gap 46
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 48
3.1. Data Collection 49
3.2. Classification of Soil Types and Profile 51
3.3. Material 52
3.3.1. Material properties 52
3.4. Loading Condition 55
3.5. Water, Rain Infiltration 56
3.6. Numerical Modelling 57
4. RESULT 61
4.1. Total Displacement and Deformation in Mesh 61
4.2. Factor of Safety 67
5. ANALYTICAL FINDINGS 69
5.1. Factor of Safety on Slope Angle 69
5.2. Factor of Safety on Embankment Height 71
5.3. Embankment Settlement on Height 72
6. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 73
6.1. Conclusion 73
6.2. Recommendation 74
BIBLIOGRAPHY 77
초록 81
Table 1. The predominant soil types in the reach are shown below. 17
Table 2. Sieve numbers and size of opening 24
Table 3. Plastic evaluation 29
Table 4. Soil Properties from CD test 38
Table 5. Factor of Safety risk value satisfactory 40
Table 6. Evaluation of softwares 42
Table 7. Soil Properties 43
Table 8. Research gap 47
Table 9. Soil Properties of the Tavantolgoi-Zuunbayan railway 53
Table 10. According to the Unified Soil Classification System criteria 54
Table 11. The soil properties for the Plaxis 2D software 55
Table 12. Results of Factor of Safety 69
Figure 1. Railway Location 14
Figure 2. Cross-sectional drawing (1. High embankment 2. Normal embankment 3. Animal crossing Embankment) 15
Figure 3. Soil classification GIS map 17
Figure 4. Sieve analysis curve 25
Figure 5. Liquid limit graph 27
Figure 6. Parabolic graph 31
Figure 7. Mesh generating object 33
Figure 8. Data collection mapping 50
Figure 9. Structure of Layers 51
Figure 10. Unified Soil Classification Systems' Symbol and Criteria 52
Figure 11. Setting Drawing unit 57
Figure 12. Modelling cross-section in Autocad 2023 58
Figure 13. Importing soil polygons to Plaxis 2D 58
Figure 14. Applying material properties 59
Figure 15. Applying Shear strength data 59
Figure 16. Applying Load 60
Figure 17. The result, after generating the mesh of finite element 60
Figure 18. Total deformation 61
Figure 19. The cumulative displacement. 62
Figure 20. Contour line of Shear stress-strain due to initial stress 62
Figure 21. Contour line for Shear stress 63
Figure 22. Total deformation 63
Figure 23. The cumulative displacement 64
Figure 24. Contour line of Shear stress-strain due to initial stress 64
Figure 25. Contour line for Shear stress 65
Figure 26. Total deformation 65
Figure 27. The cumulative displacement 66
Figure 28. Contour line of Shear stress-strain due to initial stress 66
Figure 29. Contour line for Shear stress 67
Figure 30. Factor of safety (a. High embankment b. Normal embankment c. Animal crossing Embankment) 67
Figure 31. Factor of safety on Slope angle 70
Figure 32. Factor of Safety on Embankment height 71
Figure 33. Embankment height on Settlement 72