Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 12
1.1. Background and Context of the Study 12
1.2. Statement of the Problem 13
1.3. Purpose of the Study 14
1.4. Research Objective 15
1.5. Significance of the Study 16
1.6. Scope of the Study 18
1.7. Limitations of the Study 19
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 22
2.1. Overview of Government Housing Financing and Policy 23
2.1.1. Government Housing Financing Program in Timor-Leste 27
2.2. Program Framework and Objective 29
2.2.1. Objectives and Policy Frameworks 29
2.2.2. Examination of the key objectives and goals 31
2.2.3. Examination of the policy frameworks and strategies guiding the implementation 32
2.3. Eligibility Criteria for the Government Housing Financing Program Beneficiaries 35
2.3.1. General Eligibility Conditions 35
2.3.2. Specific Eligibility Conditions 36
2.4. Impact of Government Housing Financing Programs on Accessibility 38
2.4.1. Examination of the impact on accessibility for low-income households 40
2.4.2. Evaluation Criteria and Measurable Accessibility 42
2.4.3. Assessment of the accessibility for marginalized and vulnerable populations 44
2.4.4. Analysis of the extent to which the programs have reduced barriers 47
2.5. Effectiveness and Efficiency of Government Housing Financing Programs 50
2.5.1. Evaluation of the Effectiveness 56
2.5.2. Evaluation criteria of the effectiveness and efficiency 59
2.5.3. The Measurable Effectiveness and Efficiency 64
2.5.4. Analyze the effectiveness and efficiency 67
2.5.5. Analysis of the program implementation, including disbursement procedures and administrative processes 70
2.5.6. Assessment of the extent to which the programs have addressed the housing needs 75
2.6. Economic and Social Outcomes of Government Housing Financing Programs 76
2.6.1. Exploration of the economic and social outcomes of housing financing programs, particularly their effects on financial situation 79
2.6.2. Assessment of the program's impact on Job criation 81
2.7. Research Gap 82
3. METHODOLOGY 84
3.1. Location and Time Frame 84
3.2. Population and Sample of Research 84
3.2.1. Population 84
3.2.2. Sample 85
3.3. Data Collection Method 89
3.4. Data Analysis 91
3.5. Conclusion 91
4. DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 92
4.1. Introduction 92
4.2. Key Objectives and Policy Frameworks 93
4.2.1. The policy frameworks for government housing financing 93
4.2.2. Key Objective Goals 96
4.3. Awareness and Accessibility 98
4.3.1. Awareness of Government Housing Financing 98
4.3.2. Application Process 99
4.3.3. Efficacy Rating for the Government's Housing Finance Program 100
4.3.4. Fair and Reasonable Requirements 102
4.4. Effectiveness 104
4.4.1. Evaluation of Effectiveness: Government Housing Financing Program Outcomes 104
4.4.2. Assessment of Government Housing Financing Adequacy for Housing Needs and Cost 105
4.4.3. Evaluation of Satisfaction Levels with Government Housing Financing 107
4.5. Efficiency 109
4.5.1. Evaluation of Disbursement Efficiency in Post-Approval Phase 109
4.5.2. Public Assessment of the Government Housing Financing Program Efficiency 111
4.5.3. Assessment of Transparency in the Approval Process for Housing Financing 114
4.6. Economic and Social Outcomes 115
4.6.1. Impact Assessment of Government Housing Financing on Financial and Living Standards 115
4.6.2. Assessment of Employment Opportunities Generated by Government Housing Financing Programs 118
5. CONCLUSION 120
5.1. Summary of Findings 120
5.2. Policy Implications 121
5.3. Recommendations For the Future Studies 123
BIBLIOGRAPHY 125
APPENDIX 130
초록 133
Table 1. Evaluation criteria and measurement of the accessibility 44
Table 2. Evaluation criteria of effectiveness and metrics for each criterion. 62
Table 3. Evaluation criteria of efficiency and metrics for each criterion. 63
Figure 1. Number of Population (beneficiaries in the municipality) 85
Figure 2. Stratified Random Selection maximum sample size 88
Figure 3. Evaluation of Housing Policy Effectiveness for Socio-Economic Segments in Timor-Leste 96
Figure 4. Breakdown of Key Objective Goals for Housing Financing Programs 98
Figure 5. Evaluation of Awareness and Accessibility in the Government Housing Financing Application Process 100
Figure 6. Assessment of Efficacy for the Government's Housing Finance Application Program 102
Figure 7. Evaluation of Fairness and Reasonableness in Income Requirements for Housing Finance 104
Figure 8. Government Housing Finance Acquisition: An Effectiveness Overview 105
Figure 9. Proportion of Housing Needs and Costs Met by Government Financing Program 107
Figure 10. Assessment of Overall Satisfaction with Timor-Leste's Housing Financing Programs. 109
Figure 11. Analysis of Post-Approval Disbursement Efficiency in Housing Financing 111
Figure 12. Government Housing Financing Efficiency: A Public Perspective 113
Figure 13. Assessment of Approval Process Transparency in Housing Financing 115
Figure 14. Analysis of Improved Living Standards and Financial Situations Post-Government Housing Finance. 117
Figure 15. Influence of Housing Financing on Employment in Construction and Related Sectors 119