Title Page
ABSTRACT
Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 12
1.1. Background 12
1.2. Protected area and National Park 14
1.3. The history of National Parks in the United States, South Korea and China and the different perceptive 18
1.4. Research Objective 25
1.5. Organization of the Thesis 25
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 28
2.1. Management system of National parks in the United States, South Korea and China 30
2.2. Comparative Researches of National parks among the United States, South Korea and China 38
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 42
3.1. Research Design 42
3.2. Research approach 42
3.3. Research Strategy 43
3.4. Data Collection Techniques 43
4. COMPARATIVE STUDY 45
4.1. Designation Criteria and Procedures of National Parks in the USA, South Korea and China 45
4.1.1. Criteria of Establishment of National Park 45
4.1.2. Designation Procedures 53
4.1.3. Chapter Summary 60
4.2. Management System of National Parks in the USA, South 62
4.2.1. National Park Agency 62
4.2.2. Laws and regulations relevant to National Parks 72
4.2.3. National Park Plans 78
4.2.4. Funding Management 87
4.2.5. Chapter Summary 91
4.3. Operation of National Parks in the USA, South Korea and China 96
4.3.1. Community Cooperation 96
4.3.2. Management of Recreation 105
4.3.3. Interpretation and Education 115
4.3.4. Chapter Summary 122
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 127
5.1. Conclusion 127
5.2. Recommendations 130
5.3. Limitations and Future Study 137
BIBLIOGRAPHY 138
초록 159
Table 1. Category System of Protected Area in US, South Korea and China 16
Table 2. Definitions of National Parks by Country 17
Table 3. Identification requirements for establishment indicators of National Parks in China 51
Table 4. Comparison of resource evaluation of the National Park between the United States, South Korea and China 61
Table 5. Comparison of Management System of National Parks in the USA, South Korea and China 94
Table 6. Types of Local Community Cooperation Programs in South Korea 100
Table 7. Details of Leave No Trace Seven Principles 107
Table 8. Operation of National Parks in the USA, South Korea and China 125
Figure 1. Thesis Framework 27
Figure 2. Designation Procedures of National Park in the USA 56
Figure 3. The organization of the National Park Service of the USA (headquarter) 63
Figure 4. The organization of the National Park Service of South Korea (headquarter) 68
Figure 5. Different national park agency models in China 70
Figure 6. Framework of China's National Park Planning System 83