표제지
국문요약
목차
Ⅰ. 서론 13
1. 연구의 필요성 13
2. 연구의 목적 18
3. 연구의 제한점 및 한계점 18
4. 연구의 가설 19
1. 운동학적 변인에 관련한 대립 가설 19
2. 운동역학적 변인에 관련한 대립 가설 20
3. 주관적 평가변인에 관련한 대립 가설 22
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 23
1. 영상표시 단말기(VDT) 취급근로자 작업지침 23
2. VDT 워크스테이션(workstation)과 근골격계 질환 29
3. 작업부하와 자세조절의 관계 36
4. 상체 자세조절의 운동학적 평가 40
5. 상체 자세조절의 운동역학적 평가 44
Ⅲ. 연구방법 47
1. 연구대상 48
2. 실험장비 49
1) 적외선 카메라(infrared camera) 49
2) 근전도(electromyography, EMG) 49
3. 실험절차 및 자료수집 51
4. 자료수집 및 분석 프로그램 55
5. 자료처리 55
1) 위치 자료 55
2) 근전도 자료 55
6. 분석구간 56
1) 분절과 관절각 및 근 활성도 분석구간 56
2) 굴곡-이완 근활성도 비율(FRR) 분석구간 56
7. 분석변인 및 산출방법 57
1) 운동학적 변인 57
2) 운동역학적 변인 60
3) 주관적 평가도구 60
8. 통계처리 64
Ⅳ. 연구결과 65
1. 운동학적 변인(kinematic variables) 65
1) 머리척추각도(craniovertebral angle, CVA) 65
2) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 머리분절각도와 가동범위 67
3) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 몸통분절각도와 가동범위 71
4) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 어깨관절각도와 가동범위 75
5) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 팔굽관절각도와 가동범위 83
6) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 손목각도와 가동범위 91
2. 운동역학적 변인(kinetic variables) 99
1) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 근활성도(muscle activation) 99
2) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 굴곡-이완 근활성도 비율(FRR) 106
3) 워크스테이션과 작업부하에 따른 상대적 휴식시간(RRT) 107
3. 주관적 평가도구 108
1) 상지평가도구(rapid upper limb assessment, RULA) 108
2) 통증평가척도 109
4. 통증평가척도에 영향을 미치는 요인 110
Ⅴ. 논의 112
1. 컴퓨터 워크스테이션에 따른 생체역학적 변화 113
2. 작업부하에 따른 생체역학적 변인의 변화 121
3. 컴퓨터 워크스테이션과 작업부하의 상호작용 효과 123
4. 통증에 영향을 미치는 변인 124
Ⅵ. 결론 및 제언 125
1. 결론 125
2. 제언 128
참고문헌 129
ABSTRACT 137
Table 1. Work management guidelines for workers handling video display terminal (VDT) (No. 2020-17) 26
Table 2. Previous study on musculoskeletal disorder of computer work (1) 34
Table 2. Previous study on musculoskeletal disorder of computer work (2) 35
Table 3. Previous study on the workload of computer work 39
Table 4. Previous study on the kinematics of upper body control 43
Table 5. Previous study on the kinetics of upper body control 46
Table 6. Characteristics of study subjects 48
Table 7. Attachment positions of surface electrodes 54
Table 8. Kinematic variables descriptions 59
Table 9. RULA description (1) 62
Table 9. RULA description (2) 63
Table 10. CVA according to workstation and workload 66
Table 11. Head segment angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 68
Table 12. Trunk segment angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 72
Table 13. Right shoulder joint angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 76
Table 14. Left shoulder joint angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 81
Table 15. Right elbow joint angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 84
Table 16. Left elbow joint angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 88
Table 17. Right wrist joint angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 92
Table 18. Left wrist joint angle and RoM according to workstation and workload 96
Table 19. Muscle activation according to workstation and workload 100
Table 20. Flexion-relaxation muscle activity ratio according to workstation and workload 106
Table 21. Relative rest time according to workstation and workload 107
Table 22. RULA according to workstation and workload 108
Table 23. Pain scale according to workstation and workload 109
Table 24. Factors affecting the pain scale 111
Figure 1. CVA Description. 40
Figure 2. Phase description. 41
Figure 3. Research procedures. 47
Figure 4. Infrared cameras and calibration kits. 50
Figure 5. Electromyograph. 50
Figure 6. Attachment positions of marker on the front view. 53
Figure 7. Computer workstation setting. 53
Figure 8. Kinetics and kinematics analysis description. 56
Figure 9. FRR test phase description. 57
Figure 10. CVA on sagittal plane. 66
Figure 11. Head segment angle and RoM according to workstation and workload. 69
Figure 12. Head segment angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 70
Figure 13. Trunk segment angle and RoM according to workstation and workload. 73
Figure 14. Trunk segment angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 74
Figure 15. Right shoulder angle according to workstation and workload. 77
Figure 16. Right shoulder RoM according to workstation and workload. 78
Figure 17. Right shoulder angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 79
Figure 18. Left shoulder RoM according to workstation and workload. 82
Figure 19. Right elbow RoM according to workstation and workload. 85
Figure 20. Right elbow angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 86
Figure 21. Left elbow RoM according to workstation and workload. 89
Figure 22. Left elbow angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 90
Figure 23. Right wrist angle and RoM according to workstation and workload. 93
Figure 24. Right wrist angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 94
Figure 25. Left wrist angle according to workstation and workload. 97
Figure 26. Left wrist angle on sagittal, frontal, transverse plane. 98
Figure 27. Muscle activation according to workstation and workload. 101
Figure 28. AD according to workstation and workload. 102
Figure 29. CES according to workstation and workload. 102
Figure 30. ES according to workstation and workload. 103
Figure 31. Flexor according to workstation and workload. 103
Figure 32. SCM according to workstation and workload. 104
Figure 33. UT according to workstation and workload. 104
Figure 34. MD according to workstation and workload. 105
Figure 35. Pain scale according to workstation and workload. 109