Self-efficacy is the "willpower" that one can perform the behaviors required to accomplish the intended result. The current study examined the validity of Self-efficacy as a mediator of the outcome, Quality of life, and Motivation to change in the Relapse Measurement which was divided into two parts: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative results reveal that the VAR multivariate time series predicts relapse (TRQ1, TRQ2, and IRQ), impacting self-efficacy to increase daily in treatment rehabilitation facilities to prevent relapse. As a result, boosting self-efficacy daily will improve the quality of life and progress the motivation to change.
The odds ratio for desiring to wait less than a day before using again, self-efficacy increases OR = 1.483, 95% CI = 0.778 - 2.825, quality of life, and motivation to change all increase. Self-efficacy increases in long-delayed relapses, in which individuals think about using drugs for more than an hour before doing so, OR = 0.650, 95% CI = 0.240 - 1.755, p-value = 0.0001.
The findings are consistent throughout the two portions of the study. The quantitative study findings were to measure self-efficacy from relapse measurement (sudden, short delay, and long delay), identifying urges and cravings from the drug abstinence self-efficacy scale, and duration in the treatment program enrollment of 6 to 12 months among non-mandatory (voluntary surrenderees), mandatory (crime related to drugs), and outpatient/aftercare. Furthermore, the qualitative thematic analysis corresponds to the quantitative study. From the in-depth semi-structured interview, the participants' "willpower" to overcome the urges and cravings, willingness to change, ability to respond to the working towards drug abstinence self-efficacy, and readiness to change as their immediate priorities.
TRCs contribute to increasing the self-efficacy of each individual who is enrolled, whether they are non-mandatory (voluntary surrenderees), required (drug-related crime), or outpatient/aftercare. However, from the completion of the treatment course up to the 18-month obligatory aftercare and follow-up period. The minority of SUDs are inconsistent in continuing their drug abstinence self-efficacy and alcohol abstinence for prolonged durations of abstinence, resulting in the cycle of Release - Relapse - Re-entry.
Strengthening the motivational change by introducing extra programs such as recreational activities, sports, and skilled employees that will prepare them to leave or "readiness" after the rehabilitation treatment center. An "Aftercare Reformation Program" must be designed to assist those released from TRCs by directing them with proper care and monitoring to prevent drug and alcohol relapse.