표제지
목차
ABSTRACT 11
제1장 서론 13
제1절 연구 배경 13
제2절 이론적 배경 14
1. 석탄재의 발생 및 처리 현황 14
2. 석탄재 자원화 및 소재화 연구 18
3. 수처리 분리막의 분류 및 특성 20
4. 세라믹 분리막의 현황 및 관련연구 24
5. Sol-gel 기법을 통하여 제작된 세라믹 분리막의 특성 26
6. 열합성법을 통한 세라믹 분리막의 제작 27
7. 세라믹 분리막 성능시험 28
제3절 연구 목적 29
제2장 연구 방법 30
1. 실험재료 30
1.1. 시약 30
1.2. 석탄재 30
2. 전함량 분석 32
2.1. Microwave digestion system 32
2.2. 비산재 전함량 분석 33
3. 세라믹 분리막의 제작 및 성능평가 34
3.1. 전처리 34
3.2. Aluminium synthesis 37
3.3. Ceramic membrane molding & performance test 39
4. 분석방법 44
제3장 연구결과 및 토의 46
제1절 전함량 분석 결과 46
1. 비산재 전함량 결과 46
2. 전처리 단계별 결과 48
3. Al-FA 성분별 결과 50
제2절 Flux test 결과 52
1. 투과율 52
2. 막 표면 59
제3절 Performance test 63
1. BSA 정량 63
2. BSA 투과율 64
3. BSA 제거율 66
4. Pore blocking 67
제4장 결론 70
참고문헌 71
국문초록 76
〈Table 1-1〉 Amount of fly ash generation from coal-fired power plants in Korea 15
〈Table 1-2〉 Amount of bottom ash generation from coal-fired power plants in Korea 15
〈Table 1-3〉 Amount of recycled fly ash from coal-fired power plants in Korea 16
〈Table 1-4〉 Amount of recycled bottom ash from coal-fired power plants in Korea 16
〈Table 1-5〉 Landfill capacity and ratio by coal-fired power plants in Korea 17
〈Table 1-6〉 Mass weight cut-off, pore size & removable materials according to different filtration types 20
〈Table 1-7〉 Characteristics of ceramic membrane 21
〈Table 1-8〉 Difference in pore size and permeability by inorganic membrane 22
〈Table 2-1〉 Operating conditions of microwave digestion method 32
〈Table 2-2〉 Operating conditions of centrifuge method 35
〈Table 2-3〉 Operating conditions of muffle furnace method for A-FA 36
〈Table 2-4〉 Operating each conditions for aluminium adding on A-FA surface 38
〈Table 2-5〉 Operating conditions of muffle furnace method for Al-FA 39
〈Table 2-6〉 Operating each maximum temperature conditions for calcination 40
〈Table 2-7〉 Operating each Heating time conditions for calcination 41
〈Table 2-8〉 Classification of flux and pressure requirements according to filtration types 42
〈Table 2-9〉 Operating conditions for XRF analysis 44
〈Table 2-10〉 Operating conditions for FESEM-EDX analysis 45
〈Table 2-11〉 Operating conditions of HPLC method 45
〈Table 2-12〉 Operating conditions of UV-VIS method 45
〈Table 3-1〉 Composition of raw fly ash and bottom ash XRF result 46
〈Table 3-2〉 Composition of raw fly ash & non magnetic fly ash XRF result 48
〈Table 3-3〉 Composition of each aluminium fly ash EDX results 50
〈Table 3-4〉 Average value of permeability reduction rate according to aluminium ratio 58
〈Table 3-5〉 Operating each conditions for performance test 63
〈Table 3-6〉 Compared with D.I and BSA permeability and permeability reduction rate according to each conditions 64
〈Table 3-7〉 Comparison of flux and area variation using BSA 67
〈Table 3-8〉 Comparison of permeability and concentration variation using MB 69
〈Figure 1-1〉 Coal ash collection process from coal-fired power plants in Korea 14
〈Figure 1-2〉 Series of chemical, thermal, and mechanical activation methods using coal fly ash 19
〈Figure 1-3〉 Schematic of membrane flow configurations 23
〈Figure 1-4〉 Schematic of sol-gel process on ceramic membrane surface 26
〈Figure 2-1〉 Coal fly ash (left) and coal bottom ash (right) used in this research 31
〈Figure 3-1〉 Element composition of raw fly ash SEM mapping result 47
〈Figure 3-2〉 Non magnetic fly ash and activated fly ash SEM result 49
〈Figure 3-3〉 2:1 aluminium coated fly ash SEM mapping result 50
〈Figure 3-4〉 3:1 aluminium coated fly ash SEM mapping result 51
〈Figure 3-5〉 4:1 aluminium coated fly ash SEM mapping result 51
〈Figure 3-6〉 Schematic of flux test for analysis permeability 52
〈Figure 3-7〉 Permeability variation according to the change of maximum temperature(2:1 Al-FA) 53
〈Figure 3-8〉 Permeability variation according to the change of heating time(2:1 Al-FA) 54
〈Figure 3-9〉 Permeability variation according to the change of maximum temperature(3:1 Al-FA) 55
〈Figure 3-10〉 Permeability variation according to the change of heating time(3:1 Al-FA) 56
〈Figure 3-11〉 Permeability variation according to the change of maximum temperature(4:1 Al-FA) 57
〈Figure 3-12〉 Permeability variation according to the change of heating time(4:1 Al-FA) 58
〈Figure 3-13〉 Each conditions Al-FA at minimum and maximum temperature membrane SEM mapping results(A: 850℃, 2:1 Al-FA, B:... 59
〈Figure 3-14〉 Each conditions Al-FA at minimum and maximum heating time SEM mapping results(A: 8hr, 2:1 Al-FA, B: 16hr, 2:1... 61
〈Figure 3-15〉 Permeability variation according to the change of each conditions 65
〈Figure 3-16〉 Variation BSA area before and after passing through ceramic membrane 66
〈Figure 3-17〉 Concentration variation according to the change of time 68