표제지
목차
ABSTRACT 9
제1장 서론 11
제1절 화장품과 피부 건강 11
제2절 항산화능과 세포활성 21
제3절 해조류 및 녹조류 27
제4절 연구 목적 37
제2장 Chaetomorpha torta 추출물의 추출 최적화 39
제1절 실험 방법 39
1. Chaetomorpha torta 추출물 제조 39
2. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay 43
3. 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay 43
4. Total phenolic contents (TPC) assay 43
5. Total flavonoid contents (TFC) assay 44
6. 통계 분석 44
제2절 실험 결과 45
1. C. torta 추출물 제조 45
2. DPPH assay 51
3. ABTS assay 53
4. TPC & TFC assay 55
제3절 실험 결론 58
제3장 Chaetomorpha torta 추출물의 세포 활성 측정 59
제1절 실험 방법 59
1. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay 59
2. Melanin assay 60
3. Nitric oxide (NO) assay 60
4. Inflammatory cytokine assay 61
제2절 실험 결과 62
1. MTT assay 62
2. Melanin assay 65
3. NO assay 69
4. Inflammatory cytokine 71
제3절 실험 결론 75
제4장 총결론 76
참고문헌 79
국문초록 105
Table 1-1. Production trend of cosmetics as type 13
Table 1-2. Human skin structure and function 15
Table 1-3. Different members of the ROS family and their attributes 22
Table 1-4. Compendium of the most important enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants 23
Table 1-5. Classification and pigment composition characteristic of some algae 28
Table 1-6. Qualitative description of phytochemical compounds in methanolic extracts of seaweeds, collected in Inhaca Island 29
Table 1-7. A list of marine algal species at Geojin, Jukbyeon and Gampo 31
Table 1-8. The major components found in the ethanolic extract of Chaetomorpha sp. based on GC-MS analysis 35
Table 1-9. The major components found in algae extract 36
Table 2-1. DPPH radical scavenging activity of C. torta extract prepared with various ethanol concentrations 46
Table 2-2. Total phenolic contents of C. torta extract prepared with various ethanol concentrations 48
Table 2-3. Total flavonoid contents of C. torta extract prepared with various ethanol concentrations 50
Table 2-4. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents of C. torta extract 56
Table 2-5. Total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents of seaweed extract 57
Table 3-1. Effect of seaweed extracts on cellular melanin content (Melanin contents decrease (%) are approximately recalculated.) 68
Figure 1-1. The interplay between air pollution, cellular senescence, and skin aging 17
Figure 1-2. Generation of melanin during the enzymatic action of tyrosinase 18
Figure 1-3. Schematic illustration of the possible approaches to interfere with melanogenesis pathway. Tyr, tyrosinase; M, melanosomes; ROS,... 20
Figure 1-4. Factors that contribute to intrinsic and extrinsic ageing. DEP, diesel exhaust particles; NO₂, nitrogen dioxide; O₃, ozone; PM, particulate... 24
Figure 1-5. Schematic illustration of inflammation 26
Figure 1-6. Evolutionary tree of the eukaryotes showing the position of red, green and brown algae 32
Figure 2-1. Structure of Chaetomorpha torta (a, X40; b X100; cX200). 40
Figure 2-2. Chaetomorpha torta sample. 40
Figure 2-3. Manufacture process of Chaetomorpha torta extract. (a) Cleansing, (b) filtration, (c) drying, (d) extraction, (e) concentration. 41
Figure 2-4. Manufacturing process chart of Chaetomorpha torta extract with 70% ethanol. 42
Figure 2-5. Chaetomorpha torta extract with 70% ethanol. 42
Figure 2-6. DPPH radical scavenging activity of C. torta extract. 52
Figure 2-7. ABTS radical scavenging activity of C. torta extract. 54
Figure 3-1. Cell viability of B16F10 with C. torta extract (Cont., control group; * p〈0.05). 63
Figure 3-2. Cell viability of Raw 264.7 with C. torta extract (Cont., control group; * p〈0.05; ** p〈0.01; *** p〈0.001). 64
Figure 3-3. Anti melanin activity of C. torta extract on B16F10 (Cont.-, control group without α-MSH; Cont.+, control group with α-MSH; Arb.,... 67
Figure 3-4. Anti inflammation activity of C. torta extract on Raw 264.7 (Cont.-, control group without LPS; Cont.+, control group with LPS; **... 70
Figure 3-5. Relative TNF-α concentration of Raw 264.7 with C. torta extract (Cont.-, control group without LPS; Cont.+, control group with LPS;... 72
Figure 3-6. Relative IL-1β concentration of Raw 264.7 with C. torta extract (Cont.-, control group without LPS; Cont.+, control group with LPS;... 73
Figure 3-7. Relative IL-6 concentration of Raw 264.7 with C. torta extract (Cont.-, control group without LPS; Cont.+, control group with LPS; **... 74