This study aims to summarize and make a reference of Sagunjatang and Samultang by investigating and comparing the effects of prescriptions. In this process, this review surveyed all papers used Sagunjatang and Samultang in PubMed database and finally 36 papers were included. The publication year, the nations of authors, the type of materials, the formation of experiments, the type of herbal medicine, and their action and mechanisms were analyzed. The number of studies on Sagjunjatang and Samultang has increased since 1990's. The main formation of experiments was in vivo study and the portion was 55%. The proportion of the research using prescriptions was 71%. Sagunjatang was investigated in the field of GI track function, anticancer effect, radioprotective effect and etc. Samultang was studied in the field of anticancer effect, brain cognitive function, anti-inflammatory effect, cell protective effect, and etc. Based on these results, Sagunjatang and Samultang showed the different bioactivities. This study will provide the useful information on differentiation and analysis of the effect of herbal prescriptions by the theory of Korean traditional medicine.