Abstract: Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) composite nanofibers were produced at different TiO2 concentrations (0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt.%) using the electrospinning method. The parameters of electrospinning including polymer contents, voltage and tip-to-collector distance (TCD) were optimized for fabrication process. The study showed that 7.5 wt.% PVA, 15 kV applied voltage and 15 cm TCD are the best condition to obtain uniform PVA/TiO2 nanofibers. TiO2 nanoparticles give significant effect in fiber morphology. TiO2 content increases the diameter of the fibers and roughen the fiber surfaces. The PVA/TiO2 nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).