The purpose of this study is to examine main contents of the change of Russian electoral system in 2008-2014, to analyze major causes which led to this change. At this time Russian electoral system has experienced legal changes of Constitution, the law on elections, and the law on political parties in 7 times. Main results of analysis are as follows. First, the most important cause of the institutional reform in this period is the change of voters political preference. Second, the internal and external pressure for deepening democracy is another major cause, and has used as a good reason for the institutional change. Third, the current ruling class of Russia strategically has considered above two factors and has determined the rage of reform in the existing incentive structure. Forth, the process of the institutional change has been implemented through the hegemonic form in which the current ruling class's strategic intention can be accepted one-sidedly.