This study investigated what kinds of seafoods Busan residents in the Neolithic Age consumed. The remnants of consumption by Busan residents were left behind in many places. Foodstuff scraps were largely thrown into the shell mounds. Therefore, this study investigated their seafood consumption through natural and artificial remains in the shell mounds. There were differences among identified seafoods by the types of the shell mound. That is, red sea breams, cods, sharks, and tunas accounted for majority of the remains of fishes identified from the open sea shell mounds. But in the identified fishes of the bay shell mounds, the remains of sea bass and cod accounted for a large portion. Only cod was identified as a main fish remain in both types of the shell mounds. This finding is caused by Liman Current. Cods migrate along with Liman Current and pass through the coast of Busan in winter. But the non-redundant species of fish are the result from reflecting the locational characteristics of the corresponding shell mound. Most natural remains of the shell mounds are shells. This fact tells us that shellfish was the main seafood consumed by Busan residents of the Neolithic Age. But, depending on the types of the shell mound, there are differences in the kinds of identified shells. For example, mussel, turban shell, and oyster were largely unearthed in the open sea shell mounds. But in the bay shell mounds, only oyster shells were largely unearthed. It is due to the habitat of the shellfish. The consumption status of seafoods in Busan during the Neolithic Age was examined for seasonal consumption by the type of seafoods, i.e., fishes, shellfish, and so on. And this study looked at the importance of seafood in terms of calorie and availability as foodstuff. The availability of seafood as foodstuff was examined in detail in terms of fishing quantities, fishing tools, fishing hours, and cooking methods.