This study investigated what change patterns major fishery resources in Busan inshore had followed from the Neolithic Age to the Modern Age. It was identified that Busan's major fishery resources had different change patterns in terms of species related indices. The species changes of major fishery resources are mainly caused by the resource availability and human being’s preferences. According to the research results, the species abundances of major shellfishes were heavily decreased after the Neolithic Age, while those of major fish were stable during all periods. It means that the availability of fish resources might have been less decreased than the one of shellfish resources. From the human being’s preference viewpoint, the decreased species abundances of major fishery resources are also attributed to their role change to become side dishes from major food. Nevertheless, the species abundances of major fish were little decreased because of their nutritional content and taste.