본 연구의 목적은 현재 상담기관에서 근무하는 아동․청소년 상담자들을 대상으로 직무요구가 직무열의에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 이들의 관계에서 긍정심리자본의 조절효과를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 전국의 상담기관에 종사하는 아동․청소년상담자 273명을 대상으로 직무요구, 직무열의, 긍정심리자본에 대한 자기보고식 설문자료를 수집하였다. 연구변인들의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 Pearson의 상관분석을 실시하고, 조절효과 검증을 위해 PROCESS MACRO를 이용하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 긍정심리자본은 직무열의와 밀접한 관련성을 보였으나 직무요구와는 관련성을 보이지 않았다. 즉 긍정심리자본이 많을수록 직무에 대한 열의가 높았다. 둘째, 직무요구가 직무열의에 미치는 영향은 긍정심리자본의 수준에 따라 달라졌다. 긍정심리자본이 적은 경우, 상담자가 인식하는 직무요구가 증가할수록 상담자의 직무열의가 감소했지만, 긍정심리자본이 평균 이상의 경우는 직무요구가 증가해도 직무열의는 감소하지 않았다. 직무요구의 하위영역별로 살펴보면, 직무상 모니터링 요구나 시간적 요구와 직무열의의 관계에서 긍정심리자본의 조절효과가 나타났으나, 직무상 문제해결 요구와 직무열의의 관계에서는 긍정심리자본의 조절효과가 유의하지 않았다. 이를 바탕으로, 아동․청소년 상담자들의 직무열의를 유지하는데 있어 개인의 심리적 자원인 긍정심리자본의 중요성에 대해 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effects of positive psychological capital in the relation between job demands and work engagement of child and adolescent counselors. A sample of 273 child and adolescent counselors currently working in nationwide counseling centers was recruited and participated. The self-report questionnaire method was used to collect data. The Pearson’s correlation analyses were used to examine bivariate associations and the PROCESS macro was used to test moderating effects. The findings indicated, first, positive psychological capital was associated with work engagement, which means more positive social capital was linked to greater job engagement of child and adolescent counselors. However, positive psychological capital was not related to job demand. Second, the effects of job demand on work engagement were different as a function of positive psychological capital. That is, when the positive psychological capital was low, the work engagement of the counselors decreased as the job demands increased. However, when the positive psychological capital was average and above, this negative effect of job demands on work engagement was not found. The moderating effects of positive psychological capital were also different depending on the type of job demands. That is, the moderating effect was significant in the link from monitoring demands and time demands to work engagement, but was not significant in the link from problem-solving demands to work engagement. The importance of positive psychological capital as an individual’s psychological resource was discussed in sustaining the level of work engagement of child and adolescent counselors.