Previous studies have shown that the more familiar the pictogram’s shape is, the more attractive it is. To find out whether these results can be applied to color, this study analyzed the color of pictogram’s familiarity and aesthetics. First, we conducted a pre-questionnaire to evaluate the familiarity of pictograms and to investigate the associated color. Therefore eleven pictograms with high familiarity were selected. Second, those pictograms were divided into two groups, one with six pictograms that associated with specific color, and the other with five pictograms that are not associated with specific color. In this experiment, 13 colors (R, YR, Y, GY, G, BG, B, PB, RP, PK, BK, Wh) were applied to the pictograms, and subjects were asked to select familiar color and aesthetic color separately. The study showed that there is a tendency that familiarity and aesthetics of color tend to appear similar, whether pictograms have associated color or do not have associated color. In the case of pictograms that associated with specific color, the colors can be used to make pictograms more familiar and aesthetic. On the other hand, when pictograms are not associated with specific color, there is a tendency that applying Black rather than chromatic color makes pictograms more familiar and aesthetic. According to these results, if objects of pictograms have associated color, it is recommended to use chromatic color that form association with objects. And if objects of pictograms don’t have associated color, black is recommended.