현대 한국의 민주주의 담론 속에서 민주주의 개념이 사용된 맥락을 추적하기 위해 장준하, 함석헌과 리영희의 저작 5편을 대상으로 워드 클라우드, 의미연결망 분석을 포함한 계량통계적 내용분석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 장준하의 저작에서는 ‘자유’, ‘평등’, ‘법’, ‘의회’, 함석헌의 저작에서는 ‘민중’, ‘혁명’, ‘전체’, ‘하늘’, 그리고 리영희의 저작에서는 ‘정부’, ‘진실’, ‘반공’, ‘허위’ 등의 핵심용어들을 중심으로 구성된 일단의 의미연결망을 탐지하여 그들의 민주주의관이 형성되고 변화된 맥락을 규명할 수 있었다. 이러한 분석 결과는 명확한 계량통계적 근거에 입각해 용어의 연결성과 결집성을 규명함으로써 담론의 총체적 구조를 입체적으로 파악할 수 있는 경험과학적 내용분석방법의 강점을 보여준다.
This article purports to delineate the indicative contexts of the term ‘democracy’ detected in the contemporary democratic discourses in Korea by quantitative-statistical content analysis methods. The selected texts comprise of 5 political discourses by Jang Jun-Ha, Ham Sok‒Hon, and Lee Young-Hee, and the data analysis techniques such as Semantic Network Analysis have been applied. Also TF-IDF analysis is performed to detect the distinctive characteristics of each text. The analysis shows that the notion of democracy for Jang Jun–Ha has changed from the basic principles of procedural democracy to the legitimate protest against the military authoritarianism of Park Chung Hee government; a number of semantic networks, closely interwoven around such key terms as ‘freedom’, ‘equality’, and ‘national assembly’ were disclosed. Ham Sok-Hon’s works demonstrate a number of semantic networks structured around such key terms as ‘people’, ‘revolution’, or ‘heaven’, leading to the conclusion that his notion of democracy is the democracy by the common people based on the religious doctrines. The discourse by Lee Young-Hee is characterized by those key terms as ‘truth’, ‘anti-Communism’, or ‘false ideology’, which constitute several semantic networks. These networks allow an inference that his notion of democracy revolves around the mass protest against the ideological manipulation of Park Chung Hee regime identifying democracy with anti-Communism. This study demonstrates a number of methodological advantages of statistical content analysis over simple in-depth reading; it helps find the overall structure of text by discovering the semantic networks hidden inside the argument of author.