In the railway industry, railway vehicles and rails are the most important factors within a system that builds railways. Rails support the load on the vehicle and guide the wheel direction. However, they develop cracks and wear when used continuously owing to their contact with the wheels, and this issue requires management by grinding. Recently, the importance of rail grinding in adding routes for urban and high-speed railways and managing old routes has been recognized in Korea. Consequently, there is a steady demand for rail-grinding tools, and their development is ongoing. Currently, all rail-grinding tools in Korea are imported because of their small market size and low technological level. Overseas products offer the advantages of excellent tool life and surface quality. However, they are expensive and require a longer delivery time; therefore, improvements are required. In this study, an experiment was conducted to process a rail specimen by changing the particle size and binder of a grinding tool. The workability of the tool was determined by analyzing the grinding resistance, surface roughness, grinding ratio, and surface temperature.