표제지
제출문
요약문
SUMMARY
Contents
목차
제1장 서론 33
제2장 국내 배출원 37
제1절 서론 37
제2절 연구 방법 39
1. 배출량 산정 39
2. 배출원 분류 47
3. 격자 편성 48
제3절 배출원 목록 수립 49
제4절 배출량 51
1. 경제 부문별 배출량 52
2. 시·도 및 격자별 배출량 55
제5절 요약 및 결론 61
제3장 산성비 감시 63
제1절 서론 63
제2절 강수의 화학 분석 기술 65
1. 강수 분석기술의 변천 66
2. 실험 69
3. 결과 및 고찰 72
제3절 자동 강수 채취 장치의 개발 85
제4절 기존 산성비 자료의 수집 및 명가 91
1. 관측지점정보와 네트워크체계 91
2. 화학정보체계 94
제5절 요약 및 결론 96
제4장 산성비 예측 기술의 현황 99
제1절 산성 침적 모델링 99
제2절 주요 산성 침적 모형들의 분석 102
1. 장거리 수송 102
2. 화학 변환 108
3. 습성 침적 109
4. 건성 침적 과정 110
5. 모형의 취약점 111
6. 모형의 검증 자료 112
제3절 기상장 공급 113
1. 산성비 예측과 기상장 공급 113
2. 주요 기상 예측 모형의 분석 115
제4절 산성 침적 모형의 골격 123
1. 모형 개발에 관련된 고려 사항 123
2. 산성 침적 모형의 골격 129
제5절 요약 및 결론 132
제5장 결론 135
1. 산성비 유도 물질의 국내 배출원 조사 135
2. 산성비 감시 기반 구축 136
3. 산성비 예측 기술의 현황 136
참고 문헌 139
부록 155
부록 A. 1991년의 시·도별 연료 사용량 155
부록 B. 1991년의 전국 및 시·도별 인위적 SO₂ 배출량 173
부록 C. 1991년의 전국 및 시·도별 인위적 NO₂ 배출량 191
Table 1.1. Contents of study during the first project year... 36
Table 2.1. SO₂ emission factors used by U.S. EPA(1985) and Kato and... 42
Table 2.2. NO₂ emission factors used by U.S. EPA(1985) and Kato and Akimoto(1992). 43
Table 2.3. Emission factors of SO₂ for economic sectors and fuel types. 45
Table 2.4. Emission factors of NO₂ for economic sectors and fuel types. 46
Table 2.5. Classification of basic sector and fuel categories... 47
Table 2.6. Amount of sectoral fuel consumption for south Korea for the year of 1991. 50
Table 2.7. Sectoral sulfur dioxide emission for south Korea for the year of 1991. 53
Table 2.8. Sectoral nitrogen dioxide emission for south Korea for the year of 1991. 54
Table 2.9. Sectoral sulfur dioxide emission for cities and provinces in south Korea for the year of 1991. 56
Table 2.10. Sectoral nitrogen dioxide emission for cities and provinces in south Korea for the year of 1991. 57
Table 3.1. Summary of acid rain chemical analysis methods. 67
Table 3.2. Ion chromatograph settings for the determination of... 70
Table 3.3. Analytical conditions for AAS measurement.... 71
Table 3.4. Results of chemical analysis of rain in Seoul during 1993. 75
Table 3.5. Summary of Korean acidic precipitation monitoring... 94
Table 4.1. Lagrangian acid deposition models. 103
Table 4.2. Eulerian acid deposition models. 104
Table 4.3. Summary of major regional weather prediction models. 116
Table A-1. Amount of sectoral fuel consumption for Seoul for the year of 1991. 157
Table A-2. Same as Table A-1, except for Pusan. 158
Table A-3. Same as Table A-1, except for Taegu. 159
Table A-4. Same as Table A-1, except for Inchon. 160
Table A-5. Same as Table A-1, except for Kwangju. 161
Table A-6. Same as Table A-1, except for Taejon. 162
Table A-7. Same as Table A-1, except for Kyonggi-Do. 163
Table A-8. Same as Table A-1, except for Kangwon-Do. 164
Table A-9. Same as Table A-1, except for Chungchongbuk-Do. 165
Table A-10. Same as Table A-1, except for Chungchongnam-Do. 166
Table A-11. Same as Table A-1, except for Chollabuk-Do. 167
Table A-12. Same as Table A-1, except for Chollanam-Do. 168
Table A-13. Same as Table A-1, except for Kyongsangbuk-Do. 169
Table A-14. Same as Table A-1, except for Kyongsangnam-Do. 170
Table A-15. Same as Table A-1, except for Cheju-Do. 171
Table B-1. Sectoral sulfur dioxide emissions for south Korea for the year of 1991. 175
Table B-2. Same as Table B-1, except for Seoul. 176
Table B-3. Same as Table B-1, except for Pusan. 177
Table B-4. Same as Table B-1, except for Taegu. 178
Table B-5. Same as Table B-1, except for Inchon. 179
Table B-6. Same as Table B-1, except for Kwangju. 180
Table B-7. Same as Table B-1, except for Taejon. 181
Table B-8. Same as Table B-1, except for Kyonggi-Do. 182
Table B-9. Same as Table B-1, except for Kangwon-Do. 183
Table B-10. Same as Table B-1, except for Chungchongbuk-Do. 184
Table B-11. Same as Table B-1, except for Chungchongnam-Do. 185
Table B-12. Same as Table B-1, except for Chollabuk-Do. 186
Table B-13. Same as Table B-1, except for Chollanam-Do. 187
Table B-14. Same as Table B-1, except for Kyongsangbuk-Do. 188
Table B-15. Same as Table B-1, except for Kyongsangnam-Do. 189
Table B-16. Same as Table B-1, except for Cheju-Do. 190
Table C-1. Sectoral nitrogen dioxide emissions for south Korea for the year of 1991. 193
Table C-2. Same as Table C-1, except for Seoul. 194
Table C-3. Same as Table C-1, except for Pusan. 195
Table C-4. Same as Table C-1, except for Taegu. 196
Table C-5. Same as Table C-1, except for Inchon. 197
Table C-6. Same as Table C-1, except for Kwangju. 198
Table C-7. Same as Table C-1, except for Taejon. 199
Table C-8. Same as Table C-1, except for Kyonggi-Do. 200
Table C-9. Same as Table C-1, except for Kangwon-Do. 201
Table C-10. Same as Table C-1, except for Chungchongbuk-Do. 202
Table C-11. Same as Table C-1, except for Chungchongnam-Do. 203
Table C-12. Same as Table C-1, except for Chollabuk-Do. 204
Table C-13. Same as Table C-1, except for Chollanam-Do. 205
Table C-14. Same as Table C-1, except for Kyongsangbuk-Do. 206
Table C-15. Same as Table C-1, except for Kyongsangnam-Do. 207
Table C-16. Same as Table C-1, except for Cheju-Do. 208
Fig 2.1. Annual emission rate for SO₂ over south Korea... 59
Fig 2.2. Same as Fig 2.1, except for NO₂. 60
Fig 3.1. IC chromatograms. 73
Fig 3.2. AA-IC correlation for cations. 78
Fig 3.3. IC-IC correlation for ammonium and anions. 80
Fig 3.4. Temporal variation of pH of rain in Seoul during 1993. 82
Fig 3.5. Temporal variation of NH₄⁺ concentration... 82
Fig 3.6. Alkalinity titration curve for high pH rain. 84
Fig 3.7. Temporal variation of nitrate-sulfate ratio of rain in Seoul. 86
Fig 3.8. Correlation of total cation and total anion of Seoul rain... 87
Fig 3.9. Schematic diagram of manual bulk sampler. 89
Fig 3.10. Acid rain monitoring locations of Ministry of Environment. 92
Fig 3.11. Acid rain monitoring locations of Forest Research Institute. 93
Fig 4.1. Major processes related to the acid deposition. 100
Fig 4.2. The comprehensive acid deposition model(CADM). 131