[표제지 등]
제출문
요약문
SUMMARY
List of Table
List of Figure
목차
제1장 서론 33
제2장 물질이동 및 확산 35
제1절 서언 35
제2절 재료 및 방법 35
제3절 결과 및 고찰 49
1. 물리적 특성 49
2. 부영양 관련 성분의 분포 71
3. 표층수 중 210Po 및 234Th의 농도분포 및 제거속도(이미지참조) 102
4. 3차원 해수유동 및 확산모델링 108
제4절 요약 132
참고문헌 136
제3장 적조생물의 영양생리 142
제1절 서언 142
제2절 재료 및 방법 142
제3절 결과 및 고찰 144
1. Heterosigma akashiwo의 환경생리 144
2. Scrippsiella trochoidea의 환경생리 149
3. Chaetoceros socialis의 환경생리 149
4. 3종의 적조발생 기구 157
제4절 요약 162
참고문헌 164
제4장 적조생물 포식자의 생태 166
제1절 서언 166
제2절 재료 및 방법 167
제3절 결과 및 고찰 167
1. 주요 동물플랑크톤의 섭식생태 167
2. 영양단계별 동물플랑크톤 현존양의 시공간적 변동 174
3. 포식생물의 종조성 및 계절적 천이 190
4. 식물플랑크톤(적조생물)과 포식생물과의 관계 196
제4절 요약 204
참고문헌 206
제5장 결론 210
[title page etc.]
Contents
Chapter 1. Preface 33
Chapter 2. Pollutant diffusion 35
I . Introduction 35
II. Materials and Methods 35
III. Results and Discussions 49
1. Physical characteristics 49
2. Spatio-temporal distribution of chemical parameters 71
3. Elimination rate and distribution of 210Po and 234Th concentration in the surface water(이미지참조) 102
4. Three-dimensional hydrodynamic and diffusion modelling 108
IV. Summary 132
Reference 136
Chapter 3. Environmental physiology of nutrient uptake in the red tide organisms 142
I. Introduction 142
II. Materials and Methods 142
III. Results and Discussions 144
1. Environmental physiology(phsiology) of Heterosigma akashiwo 144
2. Environmental physiology(phsiology) of Scrippsiella trochoidea 149
3. Environmental physiology(phsiology) of Chaccoceros sociallis 149
4. The mechanism on the occurrence of red 157
IV. Summary 162
Reference 164
Chapter 4. Grazing effect of zooplankton to phytoplankton 166
I. Introduction 166
II. Materials an Methods 167
III. Results and Discussions 167
1. Feeding habit of zooplankton 167
2. Spatio-temporal variation of the standing crops of zooplankton pertaining to the trophic level 174
3. Species composition and seasonal variations of predators 190
4. Relationship between phytoplankton abundance and zooplankton grazing 196
IV. Summary 204
Reference 206
Chapter 5. Conclusion 210
Table 2-1. Tidal harmonic constants used in the hydrodynamic model (KORDI, 1983) 46
Table 2-2. Computational conditions of flow field and COD diffusion 47
Table 2-3. Pollutant load used in the diffusion model 49
Table 2-4. Range and mean values of water quality data at the surface layer in Chinhae Bay 72
Table 2-5. Comparison of the concentration of particulate organic matter with other areas 93
Table 2-6. Activities of radionuclides dissolved in seawater of Chinhae Bay during April 26, 1994. 103
Table 2-7. Activities of radionuclides dissolved in seawater of Chinhae Bay during July 24, 1994. 103
Table 3-1. Growth rate and doubling days of Chaetoceros socialis at the different temperature and salinity gradient 155
Table 3-2. Distribution of photosynthetically active pigments in major phytoplanktons responsible for algal blooms in Korean coastal waters 157
Table 4-1. List of zooplankton occurred in this study 169
Table 4-2. Feeding habit of zooplankton occurred in this study 170
Table 4-3. Occurrence frequency for all stations of zooplankton identified in this study 191
Table 4-4. Mean abundance (ind./m³) for all stations of zooplankton in each month 192
Fig. 2-1. Map showing the sampling stations. 37
Fig. 2-2. Stations for tide, current and COD including bottom topography of Chinhae Bay. 45
Fig. 2-3a. Time series of observed currents at the surface layer of St. 19. 50
Fig. 2-3b. Time series of observed currents at the surface and middle layers of St. 7. 51
Fig. 2-3c. Time series of observed currents at the surface and middle layers of St. 11. 52
Fig. 2-4a. Tidal current ellipses at the surface layer of St. 19. 53
Fig. 2-4b. Tidal current ellipses at the surface and middle layers of St. 7. 54
Fig. 2-4c. Tidal current ellipses at the surface and middle layers of St. 11. 55
Fig. 2-5a. Progressive vector diagram at the surface layer of St. 19. 57
Fig. 2-5b. Progressive vector diagram at the surface and bottom layers of(fo) St. 7 58
Fig. 2-5c. Progressive vector diagram at the surface and bottom layers of St. 7. 59
Fig. 2-6. Distribution of temperature at the surface layer in April 25, 1994. 61
Fig. 2-7. Vertical distribution of temperature in April 25, 1994. 62
Fig. 2-8. Distribution of temperature at the surface layer in July 24, 1994. 63
Fig. 2-9. Vertical distribution of temperature in July 24, 1994. 64
Fig. 2-10. Distribution of salinity at the surface layer in April 25, 1994. 65
Fig. 2-11. Distribution of salinity at the surface layer in July 24, 1994. 66
Fig. 2-12. Time series of observed salinity and temperature at the surface of St. 19. 68
Fig. 2-13. Time series of observed salinity and temperature at the surface of St. 7. 69
Fig. 2-14. Time series of observed salinity and temperature at the surface of St. 11. 70
Fig. 2-15. Horizontal distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 74
Fig. 2-16. Horizontal distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/l) at the bottom layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 75
Fig. 2-17. Transectional distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 76
Fig. 2-18. Transectional distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/l) at the bottom layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 77
Fig. 2-19. Vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen (DO, mg/l) at transect A (left) & B (right) in April and July, 1994. 79
Fig. 2-20. Horizontal distribution of chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 81
Fig. 2-21. Transectional distribution of chemical oxygen demand (COD, mg/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 82
Fig. 2-22. Horizontal distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, ug-at/l) at the surface layer in April(upper) and July (lower), 1994. 84
Fig. 2-23. Transectional distribution of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN, ug-at/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 86
Fig. 2-24. Horizontal distribution of phosphate phosphorus(PO₄-P, ug-at/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower),1994. 87
Fig. 2-25. Transectional distribution of phosphate phosphorus (PO₄-P, ug-at/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 88
Fig. 2-26. Transectional distribution of N/P ratio at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 90
Fig. 2-27. Transectional distribution of Silicate (SiO₂-Si, ug-at/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 92
Fig. 2-28. Horizontal distribution of particulate organic carbon (POC, ug/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 94
Fig. 2-29. Transectional distribution of particulate organic carbon (POC, ug/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 95
Fig. 2-30. Transectional distribution of particulate phosphorus (PP, ug/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 97
Fig. 2-31. Horizontal distribution of chlorophyll-a (chl-a, ug/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 98
Fig. 2-32. Transectional distribution of chlorophyll-a (chl-a, ug/l) at the surface layer in April (upper) and July (lower), 1994. 99
Fig. 2-33. The variations of dissolved 210Po and 234Th activities(acivities) in the surface water of the Chinhae Bay.(이미지참조) 104
Fig. 2-34a. Computed velocity fields in level 1 with no wind during the flood and ebb flows of the spring tide. 109
Fig. 2-34b. Computed velocity fields in level 3 with no wind during the flood and ebb flows of the spring tide. 110
Fig. 2-35a. North-south components of computed horizontal velocities during the spring tide. 112
Fig. 2-35b. North-south components of computed horizontal velocities during the neap tide. 113
Fig. 2-36a. Stick diagrams of computed velocities in levels 1 and 3 without wind during the spring tide. 114
Fig. 2-36b. Stick diagrams of computed velocities in levels 1 and 3 with N-wind during the spring tide. 115
Fig. 2-36c. Stick diagrams of computed velocities in levels 1 and 3 with S-wind during the spring tide. 116
Fig. 2-37a. North-south components of computed horizontal velocities in level 1 during the spring tide. 118
Fig. 2-37b. North-south components of computed horizontal velocities in level 1 during the neap tide. 119
Fig. 2-38a. Computed vertical velocities without wind during the spring tide. 121
Fig. 2-38b. Computed vertical velocities with N-wind during the spring tide. 122
Fig. 2-38c. Computed vertical velocities with S-wind during the spring tide. 123
Fig. 2-39a. Computed tidal residual currents in levels 1 and 3 without wind during the spring tide. 124
Fig. 2-39b. Computed tidal residual currents in levels 1 and 3 with N-wind during the spring tide. 125
Fig. 2-39c. Computed tidal residual currents in levels 1 and 3 with S-wind during the spring tide. 126
Fig. 2-40a. Computed COD distribution in level 1 after 3 months (Case 1) 128
Fig. 2-40b. Computed COD distribution in level(levle) 2 after 3 months (Case 1) 129
Fig. 2-41a. Computed COD distribution in level 1 after 3 months (Case 2). 130
Fig. 2-41b. Computed COD distribution in level(levle) 2 after 3 months (Case 2). 131
Fig. 3-1. The effect of inorganic nitrogen on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo. 145
Fig. 3-2. The effect of inorganic phosphate on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo. 145
Fig. 3-3. The effect of Biotin on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo. 147
Fig. 3-4. The effect of Vt B12(이미지참조) on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo. 147
Fig. 3-5. The effect of raw fish supernatant on the growth of Heterosigma akashiwo. 148
Fig. 3-6. The effect of inorganic nitrogen on the growth of Scrippsiella trochoidea. 150
Fig. 3-7. The effect of inorganic phosphate on the growth of Scrippsiella trochoidea. 150
Fig. 3-8. The growth curve of Chaetoceros socialis under the condition of temperature 19 ± 1℃. 151
Fig. 3-9. The growth curve of Chaetoceros socialis under the condition of temperature 25 ± 1℃. 152
Fig. 3-10. The growth curve of Chaetoceros socialis under the condition of salinity 15 ~ 35‰ 154
Fig. 3-11. The effect of inorganic nitrogen on the growth of Chaetoceros socialis. 156
Fig. 3-12. The effect of inorganic phosphate on the growth of Chaetoceros socialis. 156
Fig. 3-13. Schematic diagram showing the outbreak of a dino-flagellate, Heterosigma akashiwo blooms. 159
Fig. 3-14. Schematic diagram showing the outbreak of a dino-flagellate, Scrippsiella trochoidea blooms. 160
Fig. 3-15. Schematic diagram showing the outbreak of a diatom Chaetoceros socialis blooms. 161
Fig. 4-1. Map showing the sampling stations of zooplankton. 168
Fig. 4-2. Relative percentage compositions herbivore(H), omnivore(O) and carnivore(C) in each survey month. 176
Fig. 4-3. Mean abundance for all stations of herbivore(H), omnivore(O) and carnivore(C) in each survey month. 177
Fig. 4-4. Seasonal variations in relative percentage compositions of each trophic level, herbivore, omnivore and carnivore in each survey month. 179
Fig. 4-5. Relationship between herbivore and omnivore in relative percentage composition. 180
Fig. 4-6. Relative percentage composition of herbivore(H), omnivore(O) and carnivore(C) in each station. 182
Fig. 4-7. Abundance of herbivore(H), omnivore(O) and carnivore(C) in each station. 184
Fig. 4-8. Seasonal variations in relative percentage compositions of each trophic level, herbivore, omnivore and carnivore. 188
Fig. 4-9. Seasonal variations in relative percentage compositions of herbivores. 195
Fig. 4-10. Seasonal variations in relative percentage compositions of omnivores. 197
Fig. 4-11. Seasonal variations in relative percentage compositions of carnivores. 198
Fig. 4-12. Interrelationship between phytoplankton and each trophic levels, herbivore, omnivore and carnivore. 200
Fig. 4-13. Seasonal variations in abundance of phyplankton and herbivores. 201
Fig. 4-14. Seasonal variations in abundance of phyplankton and omnivore. 202
Fig. 4-15. Seasonal variations in abundance of phyplankton and carnivore. 203