표제지
제출문
요약서
ABSTRACT
초록
목차
제1장 서론 20
제2장 이론적 배경 26
제1절 고분자 블렌드 26
1. 고분자 블렌드의 이론적 배경 26
2. 고분자 블렌드의 개발 동향 29
제2절 Compositional Quenching에 의한 고분자 블렌딩 기술 32
1. 고분자 혼합물의 상분리 이론 33
가. 상도에 따른 상분리 기구 33
나. Nucleation and Growth 34
다. Spinodal Decomposition 38
2. Compositional quenching의 이론적 배경 42
가. Liquid-Liquid Phase Equilibria 43
(1) Flory-Huggins Theory 43
(2) Binodal and spinodal curves 45
나. Flash Devolatilization 47
다. Spinodal Decomposition 48
(1) The Landau-Ginzburg Functional 50
(2) The Modified Cahn-Hilliard Equation 51
제3장 실험 및 결과 54
제1절 선택용해 분리장치의 설계 54
1. 선택용해 분리장치 및 공정개요 54
2. 단위 선택용해 분리장치의 사양 56
가. Dissolution tank 56
나. Flash chamber와 용매 회수 tank system 56
제2절 여러가지 플라스틱의 용해도 59
1. 폐플라스틱의 용해도 60
(1) 온도에 따른 플라스틱 용해도 61
(2) 두께에 따른 플라스틱 용해도 61
(3) 플라스틱 용액의 점도 62
(4) 혼합 플라스틱의 선택용해 분리 62
2. 플라스틱용액의 농도조절 63
가. 실험방법 63
나. 결과 및 고찰 63
제3절 혼합 플라스틱의 선택용해 분리 64
1. 혼합 플라스틱의 선택용해 분리조건 64
가. 실험방법 64
나. 실험결과 및 고찰 65
(1) 선택용해 실험 A 65
(2) 선택용해 실험 B 71
(3) 선택용해 실험 C 73
2. 선택용해법으로 분리된 플라스틱 물성 80
가. 실험방법 80
나. 결과 및 고찰 82
3. 폐플라스틱의 선택용해 분리조건 87
가. 실험방법 87
나. 결과 및 고찰 87
제4절 분사속도에 의한 영향 88
1. HIPS/LDPE(10:90) 시스템 89
가. 실험방법 89
나. 결과 및 고찰 90
2. HIPS/HDPE(10:90) 시스템 95
가. 실험방법 95
나. 결과 및 고찰 96
3. HDPE/PP(10:90) 시스템 102
가. 실험방법 102
나. 결과 및 고찰 102
제5절 블렌드방법에 따른 혼화성 평가 109
1. PS/LDPE 시스템 109
가. 실험방법 109
나. 결과 및 고찰 110
2. LDPE/LLDPE 시스템 125
가. 실험방법 125
나. 결과 및 고찰 125
제6절 제2성분 플라스틱을 이용한 폐플라스틱 개질 127
1. Gpps/PB 시스템 130
가. 실험방법 131
나. 결과 및 고찰 132
2. EPS/HIPS 시스템 133
가. 실험방법 134
나. 결과 및 고찰 135
3. Polyolefin Blend 시스템 135
가. 실험방법 135
나. 결과 및 고찰 139
제7절 상용화제를 이용한 폐플라스틱의 물성개질 152
1. PS/LDPE/SBS 시스템 153
가. 실험방법 153
나. 결과 및 고찰 155
2. 폐플라스틱(PS/LDPE/SBS) 시스템 162
가. 실험방법 167
나. 결과 및 고찰 167
3. PP/EPDM/Compatibilizer 시스템 167
가. 실험방법 171
나. 결과 및 고찰 171
4. PP/PU 시스템 173
가. 실험방법 173
나. 결과 및 고찰 174
제8절 선택용해 분리공정의 Scale-up과 경제성 검토 182
1. 선택용해 분리공정의 Scale-up 182
가. 실험방법 182
나. 결과 및 고찰 182
2. 경제성 검토 188
제4장 결론 190
참고문헌 192
Table 1. Amount of xylene in swelled plastics at constant temperature 64
Table 2. Amount of separated plastics by selective dissolution method(1st solution time: 1hr, 2nd solution time: 1hr) 65
Table 3. Amount of separated plastics by selective dissolution method(1st solution time: 0.5hr, 2nd solution time: 0.5hr) 72
Table 4. Amount of separated plastics by selective dissolution method(1st solution time: 1hr, 2nd solution time: 0.5hr) 79
Table 5. Separation yield of plastics by selective dissolution method 84
Table 6. Separation yield of Selective dissolution process for various wasted plastics 88
Table 7. Composition ratio of material for compositional quenching 131
Table 8. Physical properties and composition of start materials 132
Table 9. Mechanical properties of plastics prepared by compositional quenching 133
Table 10. Common compatibilizer in worldwide market 154
Table 11. Materials using in this study 172
Table 12. Mechanical properties of PP/EPDM/compatibilizer system 173
Table 13. Starting Materials using in this study 174
Table 14. Melting & Crystallization Temperature for PP, Compatibilizer and Blends obtained by DSC 175
Table 15. Investment costs of Bench-scale recycling equipment 189
Table 16. Electric power and electric costs of Bench-scale recycling equipment 189
Fig 1. Single solvent selective dissolution process flow sheet 24
Fig 2. Phase diagrams for the PS(Mw=2514)/PI(Mw=2700)blend (그림누락) 35
Fig 3. Schematic diagram for the nucleation and growth (그림누락) 36
Fig 4. Schematic diagram for the spinodal decomposition (그림누락) 37
Fig 5. A representation of a compositional quenching on a ternary diagram 49
Fig 6/Fig 8. Photograph of 7ℓ dissolution tank apparatus 57
Fig 7/Fig 9. Photograph for 45ℓ scale of dissolution tank apparatuschamber와 용매회수 tank 사이를 연결하는 관은 되도록 크게 제작하였다. 왜냐하면 노즐에서 분사되어 기화된 xylene이 신속히 flash chamber를 빠져나가도록 하여 flash... 58
Fig 8/Fig 10. Photograph of flash chamber apparatus 60
Fig 9/Fig 11. DSC thermogram of separated PS from commingled polymer 66
Fig 10/Fig 12. DSC thermogram of separated LDPE from commingled polymer 68
Fig 11/Fig 13. DSC thermogram of separated HDPE from commingled polymer 69
Fig 12/Fig 14. DSC thermogram of separated PP from commingled polymer 70
Fig 13/Fig 15. DSC thermogram of separated PS from commingled polymer 74
Fig 14/Fig 16. DSC thermogram of separated LDPE from commingled polymer 75
Fig 15/Fig 17. DSC thermogram of separated HDPE from commingled polymer 76
Fig 16/Fig 18. DSC thermogram of separated PP from commingled polymer 77
Fig 17/Fig 19. DSC thermogram of separated PVC from commingled polymer 78
Fig 18/Fig 20. Dissolution time of PVC for the thickness in THF 81
Fig 19/Fig 21. Percent elongation at break for wasted and recycled plastics 83
Fig 20/Fig 22. Young's modulus for wasted and recycled plastics 85
Fig 21/Fig 23. Tensile strength for wasted and recycled plastics 86
Fig 22/Fig 24. Temperature profile of plastic solution at nozzle 91
Fig 23/Fig 25. Percent elongation at break of LDPE/HIPS(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 92
Fig 24/Fig 26. Young's modulus of LDPE/HIPS(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 93
Fig 25/Fig 27. Tensile strength of LDPE/HIPS(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 94
Fig 26/Fig 28. Percent elongation at break of HDPE/LDPE(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 97
Fig 27/Fig 29. Young's modulus of HDPE/LDPE(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 98
Fig 28/Fig 30. Tensile strength of HDPE/LDPE(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 99
Fig 29/Fig 31. Photographs of HDPE/LDPE(90:10) blends according to the through-put (그림누락) 100
Fig 30/Fig 32. Percent elongation at break of PP/HDPE(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 103
Fig 31/Fig 33. Young's modulus of PP/HDPE(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 104
Fig 32/Fig 34. Tensile strength of PP/HDPE(90:10) blends vs. the through-put 105
Fig 33/Fig 35. Photographs of PP/HDPE(90:10) blends according to the through-put (그림누락) 106
Fig 34/Fig 36. SEM photographs of LDPE/PS(90:10) blends prepared by various blending methods 111
Fig 35/Fig 37. SEM photographs of LDPE/PS(95:5) blends prepared by various blending methods 113
Fig 36/Fig 38. SEM photographs of LDPE/PS(97:3) blends prepared by various blending methods 116
Fig 37/Fig 39. Melting thermogram of LDPE/PS(90:10) blends prepared by various blending methods 118
Fig 38/Fig 40. Crystallization thermogram of LDPE/PS(90:10) blends prepared by various blending methods 119
Fig 39/Fig 41. Crystallization thermogram of LDPE/PS(95:5) blends prepared by various blending methods 120
Fig 40/Fig 42. Crystallization thermogram of LDPE/PS(97:3) blends prepared by various blending methods 121
Fig 41/Fig 43. Percent elongation at break of LDPE/PS blends prepared by various blending methods 122
Fig 42/Fig 44. Young's modulus of LDPE/PS blends prepared by various blending methods 123
Fig 43/Fig 45. Yield strength of LDPE/PS blends prepared by various blending methods 124
Fig 44/Fig 46. Percent elongation at break for LLDPE/LDPE blend prepared by various blending methods 126
Fig 45/Fig 47. Young's modulus for LLDPE/LDPE blend prepared by various blending methods 128
Fig 46/Fig 48. Tensile strength for LLDPE/LDPE blend prepared by various blending methods 129
Fig 47/Fig 49. Percent elongation at break for EPS and EPS/HIPS(90:10) blend prepared by C.Q. method 136
Fig 48/Fig 50. Young's modulus for EPS and EPS/HIPS(90:10) blend prepared by C.Q. method 137
Fig 49/Fig 51. Tensile strength for EPS and EPS/HIPS(90:10) blend prepared by C.Q. method 138
Fig 50/Fig 52. Displacement at break of PP/HDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 140
Fig 51/Fig 53. Displacement at break of HDPE/LDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 141
Fig 52/Fig 54. Displacement at break of LLDPE/LDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 142
Fig 53/Fig 55. Displacement at break of LDPE/PS blend prepared by compositional quenching 143
Fig 54/Fig 56. Young's modulus of PP/HDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 144
Fig 55/Fig 57. Young's modulus of HDPE/LDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 145
Fig 56/Fig 58. Young's modulus of LLDPE/LDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 146
Fig 57/Fig 59. Young's modulus of LDPE/PS blend prepared by compositional quenching 147
Fig 58/Fig 60. Tensile strength of PP/HDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 148
Fig 59/Fig 61. Tensile strength of HDPE/LDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 149
Fig 60/Fig 62. Tensile strength of LLDPE/LDPE blend prepared by compositional quenching 150
Fig 61/Fig 63. Tensile strength of LDPE/PS blend prepared by compositional quenching 151
Fig 62/Fig 64. Percent elongation at break for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by mechanical blending method 156
Fig 63/Fig 65. Young's modulus for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by mechanical blending method 157
Fig 64/Fig 66. Yield strength for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by mechanical blending method 158
Fig 65/Fig 67. SEM photographs for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by mechanical blending method (그림누락) 159
Fig 66/Fig 68. Percent elongation at break for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by solution blending method 161
Fig 67/Fig 69. Young's modulus for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by solution blending method 163
Fig 68/Fig 70. Yield strength for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by solution blending method 164
Fig 69/Fig 71. SEM photographs for LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by solution blending method (그림누락) 165
Fig 70/Fig 72. Elongation at break of LDPE/PS and LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by compositional quenching 168
Fig 71/Fig 73. Young's modulus of LDPE/PS and LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by compositional quenching 169
Fig 72/Fig 74. Tensile strength of LDPE/PS and LDPE/PS/SBS system prepared by compositional quenching 170
Fig 73/Fig 75. Tensile strength of PP, PP/PU(70/30 w/w) blends 177
Fig 74/Fig 76. Tensile strength of PP/PU(70/30 w/w) blends as a function of MPP content 178
Fig 75/Fig 77. Elongation at break of PP, PP/PU(70/30 w/w) blends 179
Fig 76/Fig 78. Elongation at break of PP/PU(70/30 w/w) blends as a function of MPP content 180
Fig 77/Fig 79. Izod impact strength of PP/PU(70/30 w/w) blends as a function of MPP content at 25℃ 181
Fig 78/Fig 80. Photographs of various wasted plastics (그림누락) 183
Fig 79/Fig 81. Photographs of residual plastics in the mesh (그림누락) 187