Chapter 1 자료와 통계학블룸버그 비즈니스위크 - NEW YORK, NEW YORK················41 경영 및 경제 분야에서의 활용············································5?1. 회계············································································5?2. 재무············································································6?3. 마케팅 ········································································6?4. 생산운영관리·································································6?5. 경제············································································6?6. 정보시스템···································································72 자료·················································································7?1. 원소, 변수, 관측값 ·························································7?2. 측정을 위한 척도····························································9?3. 범주형 자료와 양적 자료················································ 10?4. 횡단면 자료와 시계열 자료·············································· 103 자료의 출처···································································· 13?1. 현존하는 자료······························································ 13?2. 관측연구···································································· 15?3. 실험·········································································· 15?4. 시간과 비용 이슈·························································· 16?5. 자료 수집 오류····························································· 164 기술통계········································································ 165 통계적 추론···································································· 186 엑셀을 활용한 통계분석···················································20?1. 데이터 세트와 엑셀 워크시트··········································· 20?2. 통계분석에서의 엑셀 활용··············································· 217 애널리틱스·····································································228 빅데이터와 데이터 마이닝················································239 통계분석을 위한 윤리적 지침···········································24?요점정리··································································· 26?보충문제··································································· 26Chapter 2 기술통계: 표와 그래프를 이용한 표현콜게이트-NEW YORK, NEW YORK·····································341 범주형 자료 요약·····························································35?1. 도수분포표································································· 35?2. 상대도수분포표와 백분율도수분포표································· 36?3. 엑셀을 활용한 도수분포표, 상대도수분포표, 백분율도수분포표 작성 ········································································· 37?4. 막대그래프와 원그래프·················································· 38?5. 엑셀을 활용한 막대그래프 작성········································ 40?연습문제··································································· 422 양적 자료 요약································································44?1. 도수분포표································································· 44?2. 상대도수분포표와 백분율도수분포표································· 46?3. 엑셀을 활용한 도수분포표 작성········································ 46?4. 점그래프···································································· 48?5. 히스토그램································································· 49?6. 엑셀을 활용한 히스토그램 작성········································ 50?7. 누적도수분포······························································· 52?8. 줄기-잎 그림······························································· 53?연습문제··································································· 563 표를 이용한 두 변수 자료 요약 ········································· 59?1. 교차표 ······································································ 59?2. 엑셀 피봇 테이블을 활용한 교차표 작성······························ 61?3. 심슨의 역설 ································································ 63?연습문제··································································· 644 그래프를 이용한 두 변수 자료 요약···································66?1. 산점도와 추세선··························································· 66?2. 엑셀을 활용한 산점도와 추세선 작성································· 68?3. 묶은 막대그래프와 누적 막대그래프 ································· 70?4. 엑셀을 활용한 묶은 막대그래프와 누적 막대그래프 작성········· 72?연습문제··································································· 735 자료 시각화: 효과적인 자료 시각화 방안 ·························· 75?1. 효과적인 그래프 표현 방법·············································· 75?2. 그래프 표현 형식 선택··················································· 76?3. 데이터 대시보드··························································· 77?4. 자료 시각화 사례: 신시내티 동물원과 식물원 ······················ 78?요점정리··································································· 80?보충문제··································································· 81?사례연구 1. 펠리칸 스토어············································· 84?사례연구 2. 영화 개봉··················································· 85Chapter 3 기술통계: 수리적 측도를 이용한 표현스몰 프라이 디자인-SANTA ANA, CALIFORNIA··················901 위치 측도······································································· 91?1. 평균·········································································· 91?2. 중앙값······································································· 93?3. 최빈값······································································· 94?4. 엑셀을 활용한 평균, 중앙값, 최빈값 계산···························· 94?5. 가중평균···································································· 95?6. 기하평균···································································· 96?7. 엑셀을 활용한 기하평균 계산··········································· 98?8. 백분위수···································································· 98?9. 사분위수···································································· 99?10. 엑셀을 활용한 백분위수, 사분위수 계산·····························100?연습문제································································· 1022 변동성 측도·································································· 106?1. 범위·········································································107?2. 사분위 범위································································107?3. 분산·········································································107?4. 표준편차···································································109?5. 엑셀을 활용한 표본분산, 표본표준편차 계산·······················109?6. 변동계수···································································110?7. 엑셀의 기술통계 도구 활용·············································111??연습문제································································· 1123 분포의 형태, 상대 위치, 이상값 검출 측도·························115?1. 분포의 형태································································115?2. z-점수······································································116?3. 체비셰프의 정리··························································117?4. 경험적 법칙································································118?5. 이상값 탐지································································119??연습문제································································· 1204 다섯 수치 요약과 상자그림············································· 123?1. 다섯 수치 요약····························································123?2. 상자그림···································································123?3. 엑셀을 활용한 상자그림 작성··········································124?4. 상자그림을 이용한 비교분석···········································125?5. 엑셀을 활용한 상자그림 비교분석····································125??연습문제································································· 1275 두 변수 간의 연관성 측도··············································· 130?1. 공분산······································································130?2. 공분산의 해석·····························································132?3. 상관계수 ··································································134?4. 상관계수의 해석··························································135?5. 엑셀을 활용한 표본공분산, 표본상관계수 계산····················136?연습문제································································· 1376 데이터 대시보드···························································· 139?요점정리································································· 142?보충문제································································· 143?사례연구 1. 펠리칸 스토어··········································· 147?사례연구 2. 영화개봉················································· 148?사례연구 3. 헤븐리 초콜릿 웹사이트 상거래······················ 149?사례연구 4. 아프리카 코끼리 개체 수······························ 150Chapter 4 확률 입문미 항공우주국-WASHINGTON, DC··································· 1541 확률실험, 계산규칙과 확률 부여하기······························ 155?1. 계산규칙, 조합, 순열····················································156?2. 확률 부여하기·····························································160?3. 켄터키 전력회사 프로젝트의 확률····································162?연습문제································································· 1632 사건과 확률·································································· 165?연습문제································································· 1663 확률의 기본 법칙··························································· 168?1. 여사건······································································168?2. 확률의 덧셈법칙··························································169??연습문제································································· 1724 조건부 확률···································································174?1. 독립사건···································································177?2. 확률의 곱셈법칙··························································178??연습문제································································· 1795 베이즈 정리···································································181?1. 표 접근법··································································185??연습문제································································· 186?요점정리································································· 187?보충문제································································· 187?사례연구 1. 해밀턴 카운티의 판사들······························· 190?사례연구 2. 랍스 마켓················································· 192Chapter 5 이산확률분포선거 유권자 대기시간····························································1961 확률변수······································································ 197?1. 이산확률변수······························································197?2. 연속확률변수······························································198?연습문제································································· 1982 이산확률분포······························································· 199?연습문제································································· 2023 기댓값과 분산······························································· 204?1. 기댓값······································································204?2. 분산·········································································204?3. 엑셀을 활용한 기댓값, 분산, 표준편차 계산························205??연습문제································································· 2064 이변량 분포, 공분산, 재무 포트폴리오····························· 208?1. 경험적 이변량 이산확률분포···········································209?2. 재무분야 응용·····························································211??요점정리································································· 215??연습문제································································· 2155 이항확률분포·································································217?1. 이항실험···································································217?2. 마틴 의류가게 문제······················································219?3. 엑셀을 활용한 이항분포의 확률 계산································223?4. 이항분포의 기댓값과 분산··············································225?연습문제································································· 2256 포아송 확률분포··························································· 227?1. 시간의 구간을 포함하는 예제··········································228?2. 길이 또는 거리를 포함하는 예제······································229?3. 엑셀을 활용한 포아송 분포의 확률 계산·····························229?연습문제································································· 232?요점정리································································· 233?보충문제································································· 234?사례연구-맥닐의 자동차 판매점····································· 236Chapter 6 연속확률분포프록터 & 갬블 -CINCINNATI, OHIO ·································· 2401 균일확률분포·································································241?1. 확률척도로서의 면적····················································243?연습문제································································· 2442 정규확률분포······························································· 246?1. 정규곡선···································································246?2. 표준정규확률분포························································248?3. 정규확률분포의 확률 계산··············································253?4. 그리어 타이어 사례······················································254?5. 엑셀을 활용한 정규분포의 확률 계산································256?연습문제································································· 2583 지수확률분포································································261?1. 지수확률분포의 확률 계산··············································262?2. 포아송 분포와 지수분포의 관계·······································263?3. 엑셀을 활용한 지수분포의 확률 계산································264?연습문제································································· 265?요점정리································································· 266?보충문제································································· 266?사례연구 1. 스페셜티 토이즈········································ 269?사례연구 2. 겝하르트 일렉트로닉스································ 270Chapter 7 표본추출과 표본분포식량농업기구-ROME, ITALY··············································· 2741 전자공업협회의 표본추출 문제······································· 2762 표본의 선택·································································· 276?1. 유한 모집단에서의 표본추출···········································277?2. 무한 모집단에서의 표본추출···········································281?연습문제································································· 2833 점추정········································································· 284?1. 실질적 적용································································285?연습문제································································· 2864 표본분포의 개념··························································· 2885 x의 표본분포······························································· 291?1. x의 기댓값·······························································291?2. x의 표준편차·····························································292?3. x의 표본분포 형태······················································293?4. EAI 예제에서 x의 표본분포··········································295?5. x의 표본분포의 실질적 가치··········································295?6. 표본크기와 의 표본분포 간의 관계································297?연습문제································································· 2996 p의 표본분포······························································ 301?1. p의 기댓값································································302?2. p의 표준편차·····························································302?3. p의 표본분포 형태······················································303?4. p의 표본분포의 실질적 가치··········································304?연습문제································································· 3057 기타 표본추출 방법······················································· 308?1. 층화무작위추출···························································308?2. 군집추출···································································309?3. 계통추출···································································310?4. 편의추출···································································310?5. 판단추출···································································3118 실질적 적용: 빅데이터와 표본추출의 오차························311?1. 표본오차···································································311?2. 비표본오차································································312?3. 빅데이터···································································314?4. 빅데이터에 대한 이해···················································315?5. 빅데이터가 표본오차에 미치는 영향·································315??연습문제································································· 318?요점정리································································· 321?보충문제································································· 322?사례연구-마리온 유업················································· 325Chapter 8 구간추정푸드라이온-SALISBURY, NORTH CAROLINA·················· 3281 모집단 평균: σ를 아는 경우············································ 329?1. 오차범위와 구간추정치·················································329?2. 엑셀 활용하기·····························································333?3. 실질적 조언························?