영문목차
FOREWORD/Rafael M. Salas=v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS=vi
LIST OF TABLES=xi
LIST OF FIGURES=xiii
LIST OF ACRONYMS=xiii
1. INTRODUCTION/Jyoti Shankar Singh=1
World Population Plan of Action=2
Post-WPC Consultations=4
Follow-up by the United Nations System=6
United Nations Fund for Population Activities=8
National Population Policies=9
Interrelationship of Population and Development=10
Fertility=11
Mortality=12
Migration=13
Self-reliance=13
International Assistance=14
Future Perspectives=16
Notes=16
2. WORLD POPULATION PLAN OF ACTION=19
Background to the Plan=19
Principles and Objectives of the Plan=24
Recommendations for Action=27
Population Goals and Policies=27
Socio-economic Policies=40
Promotion of Knowledge and Policies=41
Recommendations for Implementation=47
Role of National Governments=47
Role of International Cooperation=48
Monitoring, Review, and Appraisal=49
3. RESULTS OF THE REGIONAL CONSULTATIONS SUBSEQUENT TO THE WORLD POPULATION CONFERENCE=51
Introduction=51
Background Information=51
Participation=52
Purpose of the Consultations=52
Relationship to the Pre-Conference Consultations=53
Presentation of the Recommendations of the Post-Conference Consultations=54
Recommendations for Action by Governments=54
Population Goals and Policies=54
Socio-economic Policies=68
Promotion of Knowledge and Policies=69
International Action to Implement the World Population Plan of Action=76
Lessons Learned from the Consultations=76
Population Activities in the United Nations System=77
Assistance in the Population Field=78
Notes=79
4. CONCISE REPORT ON MONITORING OF POPULATION TRENDS=82
Preview of Highlights=82
Size and Growth=86
Some Key Parameters of Global and Regional Change=86
Sources of Change=87
Variations within Broad Regions=88
Mortality=92
Levels and Trends=92
Future Prospects=94
The Changing Usefulness of Crude Death-rates=96
Age-specific Patterns and Differentials by Sex=99
Infant Mortality=100
Maternal Mortality=102
Social and Urban-Rural Differentials=103
Fertility=104
Levels and Trends=104
Differentials=106
Attitudinal Aspects=108
Nuptiality=109
Programmes to Influence Fertility=111
International Migration=113
Urban-Rural Distribution and Redistribution=116
Demographic Structure and Characteristics=118
Age Composition=118
Sex Ratios=121
Labour Force=122
Some Social and Economic Correlates=125
Education=125
Labour-force Dependency=126
Food Supply=128
5. CONCISE REPORT ON MONITORING OF POPULATION POLICIES=133
Government Perceptions of and Policies Relating to the Rate of Natural Increase of the Population=134
Government Perceptions of and Policies Relating to Mortality=144
Government Perception of and Policies Relating to Fertility=148
Government Perceptions of and Policies Relating to the Spatial Distribution of the Population and Internal Migration=153
Government Perceptions of and Policies Relating to International Migration=156
Government Perceptions of and Policies Relating to Immigration=156
Government Perceptions of and Policies Relating to Emigration=158
Institutional Arrangements for the Formulation and Integration of Population Policies in Development Plans=163
Conclusions and Overview=166
Notes=169
6. PRIORITIES IN FUTURE ALLOCATION OF UNFPA RESOURCES=170
Introduction=170
Aims and Purposes of UNFPA=171
General Principles for Future Allocation of Resources=174
Core Programme of UNFPA Assistance=179
Basic Needs at Various Stages in the Evolution of National Population Policies and Programmes=181
Priorities between Countries=183
Priority Regarding Intercountry Activities=188
Summary and Conclusions=198
Annex=200
Notes=201
7. RECENT TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL POPULATION ASSISTANCE=203
Current Levels of Population Assistance=205
Sources of Population Assistance=210
Types and Areas of Assistance=214
The Need for International Population Assistance=215
Priorities in Future Programs=217
Priority Countries=217
Priority Objectives=218
Priority Areas of Assistance=218
Prospects for the Future=219
ANNEX=221
ADDITIONAL READINGS=229
ABOUT THE EDITOR=231
1.1. Contributions to UNFPA=15
5.1. Government Perceptions of the Consequences of Current Rates of Natural Increase=136
5.2. World Population Projections from 1975 to 2000, According to Different Combinations of Variants Corresponding Completely or only in Part to Government Perceptions of Their Current Rate of Natural Increase=138
5.3. Combinations of Government Policy Options for the Solution of Problems Perceived in Relation to Current Rates of Natural Increase=141
5.4. Government Perceptions of Current Levels of Average Expectation of Life at Birth and Their Acceptability in the Light of Current Economic and Social Conditions=145
5.5. Proportion of World Population in 1985 Residing in Countries Likely to Have an Average Expectation of Life at Birth of up to 62 Years=147
5.6. Government Perceptions of Current Levels of Fertility=149
5.7. Government Policies Relating to Measures of Encouragement or Dissuasion with a View to Modifying Fertility=151
5.8. Government Policies Relating to Access to Modern Methods of Birth Control=152
5.9. Government Perceptions of the Degree to which the Spatial Distribution of the Population is Satisfactory=153
5.10. Government Policies towards Spatial Distribution and Internal Migration of the Population=155
5.11. Government Perceptions of the Demographic Significance of Immigration and the Acceptability of Current Levels=157
5.12. Government Policies with Regard to Immigration=159
5.13. Government Perceptions of the Demographic Significance of Emigration and the Acceptability of Current Levels=161
5.14. Government Policies with Regard to Emigration=162
5.15. Institutions Responsible for (A) Research Directed Towards the Formulation of Population Policies and (B) the Integration of Such Policies in National Planning=165
7.1. Trends in Development and Population Assistance, 1961-77=206
7.2. Population Assistance by Major Donors, 1971-77=208
7.3. Government Assistance for Population Activities as Percentage of Total Official Development Assistance in Major Donor Countries, 1973-76=211
7.1. Total International Population Assistance, 1971-77=207
7.2. Government Donors, 1971-77=210
7.3. Major Multilateral Donors, 1971-77=213