영문목차
ChapterⅠ. MAIN ISSUES AND TRENDS=7
1. Introduction and background=9
2. Macroeconomic framework=10
3. Transport trends in transition countries=12
4. Investment trends and infrastructure needs=15
5. Obstacles to more efficient transport=17
6. Modal issues=18
7. Directions for further work=20
8. Conclusions=21
ChapterⅡ. PAN-EUROPEAN PROCESS OF LEGAL HARMONISATION AND ADJUSTMENT OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS=23
1. Introduction=25
2. Involvement of European countries in the integration process in the transport sector=26
3. Progress in the ECMT Member countries in harmonising and approximating their national legislation with EU law=28
4. ECMT's role in providing political support for transport law harmonisation and approximation process in Europe=29
Recommendations on the Pan-European process of legal harmonisation and adjustment of transport systems=30
ChapterⅢ. EMERGING TRADE AND TRANSPORT LINKS BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA=31
Background=33
A. REGIONAL FLOWS:NEW ORIENTATIONS IN A CONTEXT OF GLOBALISATION AND THE OPENING OF EUROPE=33
1. The context of sharply increased globalisation and European openness=34
2. The rebirth and recognition of regional flows=38
3. Multi-regional co-operation in a European transport area=42
B. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SURFACE TRANSPORT ROUTES BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA=47
1. Introduction=47
2. Results=51
3. Recommendations=63
C. TRANSPORT BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON RAIL=65
1. Introduction=65
2. Euro-Asian railroad development=67
3. Transport costs to Far East destinations=70
4. Commercial and economic criteria for assessing interest in individual routes=71
5. Conclusions and Recommendations=72
ChapterⅣ. OBSTACLES TO TRADE AND GOODS TRANSPORT=73
A. THE REMOVAL OF OBSTACLES AT BORDER CROSSINGS FOR INTERNATIONAL ROAD GOODS TRANSPORT=75
1. Introduction=75
2. General Analysis=76
3. Findings=78
4. Recommendations=81
B. THE REMOVAL OF OBSTACLES AT BORDER CROSSINGS FOR INTERNATIONAL RAIL GOODS TRANSPORT=87
1. Introduction=87
2. Within the European Union and EFTA Region=88
3. Frontiers Between EU and Central and Eastern European Countries and within CEECs=93
4. Between CEECs and CIS or Baltic States=94
5. Monitoring of waiting times at borders=95
6. Recommendations=96
C. COMBATING CRIME IN TRANSPORT=105
1. Theft of goods and vehicles and assaults on drivers=105
2. Fraud in transit regimes=109
3. Suggestions for a new stance by ECMT Council of Ministers of Transport=113
Resolution on the Removal of Obstacles at Border Crossings for International Goods Transport=115
Resolution on Crime in Transport=119
ChapterⅤ. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS(PPPS) IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING=121
1. Policy Issues=123
2. What is a PPP?=123
3. Why PPP?=124
4. Experience with PPPs=124
5. Possibilities, limits and obstacles for PPPs=125
6. Role of Government=126
7. How to develop a project=128
8. Some key lessons and issues=128
Conclusions and Recommendations on Public-Private Partnerships(PPPs) in Transport Infrastructure Financing=153