목차
Foreword ix
Lou Dobbs
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
What Outsourcing Means for America 1
Outsourcing Can't Be Ignored 2
What Actually Happens with Outsourcing 5
The Outsourcing Debate Is Misleading 6
Is Outsourcing Inevitable? 7
The Potential Impacts Are Far-Reaching 8
Why Outsourcing Is Fool's Gold for Companies 9
What the U.S. Can Do About Outsourcing 10
Conclusion 12
Outsourcing in a Larger Context 15
Free Trade Is Not Really ``Free'' 16
The Effects Can Vary Greatly 16
Understanding Historical Developments 18
Trading Jobs for Competitive Advantage 19
How Other Nations Handled Trade Competition 20
Conclusion 22
The Public Debate on Outsourcing Is Misleading 25
What Experts Say About Outsourcing 26
Open Proponents of Outsourcing 30
Critics of Outsourcing 35
Proponents' Reaction to Critics 38
Conclusion 41
Outsourcing of High-Wage Jobs 43
How Much Outsourcing Is Happening? 43
How Outsourcing Snowballs 48
A Lack of Government Monitoring 52
The Upward Trends in Offshore Outsourcing 54
Offshore Outsourcing in Other Developed Countries 59
Where the Jobs Are Heading 61
Why Companies Are Moving Jobs Overseas 67
Reason #1: Cost and Salary Differences 67
Reason #2: Domestic Outsourcing as a Strategy 72
Reason #3: Better or Unique Talent Overseas 75
Reason #4: No Penalty for Destroying U.S. Jobs 76
Reason #5: U.S. Tax Incentives 80
Reason #6: Technological Change 81
Reason #7: Access to Emerging Markets with Proactive Policies 85
Reason #8: Easier with Experience 86
Reason #9: U.S. Immigration Policies 86
Reason #10: Corporate Strategy that No Longer Includes Workers 88
Conclusion 90
The Far-Reaching Effects of Outsourcing on the U.S. Economy 95
The Long-Run Impacts on Economic Efficiency 96
The Impacts on U.S. Labor Demand 100
The Impacts on Types of Occupations and Education 109
The Threats to U.S. Technological Capacity 116
Conclusion 121
The Human Face of Outsourcing: The Impact on Individual Workers and Communities 125
The Immediate Impact on American Workers 126
The Long-Run Impact on American Workers 129
The Impact on Individuals 130
The Impact on Communities 135
The Indian-American Community: A Special Case 140
Conclusion 142
How Developing Countries Attract American Jobs 147
Why Software Companies Move Overseas 148
Outsourcing to India 150
The Rise of Indian Software 153
The Indian Diaspora Brought High-Tech Home 154
Why Bangalore? The Development of the Indian Software Cluster 156
The Indian Government's High-Tech Policies 157
An Overview of China's Proactive IT Policy 161
The Implications for Other Developing Countries 164
What's Down the Road? 166
Conclusion 167
Ten Policy Recommendations 173
Acknowledge that a Problem Exists 175
Gather the Right Data to Study the Problem 176
Reform U.S. Visa Policies that Encourage Offshore Outsourcing 178
Adopt More Pragmatic Approaches to Government Procurement 180
Overhaul Assistance Programs for Displaced Workers 181
Establish Better Protections for Workers 184