영문목차
ABOUT THE AUTHORS=xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS=xiii
INTRODUCTION=xv
1. CONSTITUTIONAL POLITICS=3
A. Litigation as a Political Process=5
B. Lobbying the Courts=7
C. The Executive in Court=9
Reading : Steel Seizure Case of 1952 : Oral Argument Before the District Court=12
D. Congressional Duties=13
Reading : Raines v. Byrd, 521 U.S. 811 (1997)=16
E. Judge as Lawmaker=18
F. Judge as Administrator=19
G. Independent State Action=21
H. Who Has the "Last Word"?=22
Readings :
Congress Responds to the Sedition Act=24
Jackson's Veto of the Bank Bill=25
The Senate Debates Jackson's Veto Message=26
Lincoln's Critique of Dred Scott=28
Who Shall Interpret? / WALTER F. MURPHY=29
Notes and Questions=31
Selected Readings=31
2. THE DOCTRINE OF JUDICIAL REVIEW=33
A. Sources of Judicial Review Authority=33
B. The Framers' Intent=36
Reading : Federalist No. 78 / ALEXANDER HAMILTON=38
C. The Road to Marbury=39
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cr.) 137 (1803)=44
A Critical Guide to Marbury v. Madison / WILLIAM W. VAN ALSTYNE=47
Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, 14 U.S. (1 Wheat.) 304 (1816)=49
Cohens v. Virginia 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 264 (1821)=52
D. Constraints on Judicial Review=54
Eakin v. Raub : Gibson's Dissent, 12 S. &. R. 330 (Pa. 1825)=58
The Boundaries of Judicial Review : Interview with Justice Powell=60
E. Methods of Constitutional Interpretation=61
The Doctrine of Original Intent : Attorney General Meese versus Justice Brennan=68
The Natural Law Debate : Frankfurter Against Black=70
Stare Decisis=72
Notes and Questions=72
Selected Readings=73
3. THRESHOLD REQUIREMENTS : HUSBANDING POWER AND PRESTIGE=75
A. Cases and Controversies=75
Ashwander v. TVA, (The Brandeis Rules), 297 U.S. 288 (1936)=79
Bellotti v. Baird (Advisory Opinions), 443 U.S. 622 (1979)=80
B. Standing to Sue=81
Frothingham v. Mellon, 262 U.S. 447 (1923)=85
Flast v. Cohen 392 U.S. 83 (1968)=86
United States v. Richardson, 418 U.S. 166 (1974)=90
Allen v. Wright, 468 U.S. 737 (1984)=92
C. Mootness=94
Reading : DeFunis v. Odegaard, 416 U.S. 312 (1974)=96
D. Ripeness=97
Reading : Poe v. Ullman, 367 U.S. 497 (1961)=100
E. Political Questions=101
Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962)=104
Nixon v. United States, 506 U.S. 224 (1993)=106
Virtues and Vices : Bickel versus Gunther=109
F. Equitable Discretion=111
Notes and Questions=111
Selected Readings=112
4. JUDICIAL ORGANIZATION=115
A. Federal Court System=115
B. Legislative and Specialized Courts=119
C. The Appointment Process=123
Reading : Nomination Hearings of Sandra Day O'Connor=128
D. Tenure, Removal, and Compensation=129
E. Judicial Lobbying=134
Reading : Burger on Judicial Lobbying=138
Notes and Questions=139
Selected Readings=139
5. DECISION MAKING : PROCESS AND STRATEGY=141
A. Jurisdiction : Original and Appellate=142
B. The Writ of Certiorari=143
Reading : Certiorari Strategies / DAVID LAUTER=146
C. From Oral Argument to Decision=147
Reading : The Process of Writing a Decision / FRANK M. COFFIN=154
D. Unanimity and Dissent=155
The Dissent : A Safeguard of Democracy / WILLIAM O. DOUGLAS=159
The Limitation of Dissent / ROBERT H. JACKSON=160
E. Caseload Burdens=161
Notes and Questions=163
Selected Readings=163
6. SEPARATION OF POWERS : DOMESTIC CONFLICTS=165
A. The Separation Doctrine=165
Congress Interprets the Ineligibility Clause=169
Presidential Signing Statements and Congressional Response=171
Response in Congress to Signing Statement Controversy=172
Madison's Analysis of the Separation Doctrine=173
B. Presidential Power=175
Reading : Hamilton on Executive Power=176
C. Creating the Executive Departments=178
Bowsher v. Synar, 478 U.S. 714 (1986)=182
Attorney General Opinion on Ministerial Duties=185
Morrison v. Olson, 487 U.S. 654 (1988)=186
D. Appointments and Removals=189
Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976)=192
OLC Memo on President Obama's Recess Appointments (2012)=195
Myers v. United States, 272 U.S. 52 (1926)=197
Humphrey's Executor v. United States, 295 U.S. 602 (1935)=200
Free Enterprise Fund v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, 561 U.S._(2010)=202
E. Delegation of Legislative Power=206
Hampton & Co. v. United States, 276 U.S. 394 (1928)=209
Schechter Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 (1935)=211
F. Congressional Oversight=213
Clinton v. City of New York, 524 U.S. 417 (1998)=217
INS v. Chadha, 462 U.S. 919 (1983)=220
Legislative Vetoes After Chadha / LOUIS FISHER=223
G. Investigations and Executive Privilege=225
Watkins v. United States, 354 U.S. 178 (1957)=231
Barenblatt v. United States, 360 U.S. 109 (1959)=234
United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974)=236
Negotiating Executive Privilege : The AT&T Cases=239
Clinton v. Jones, 520 U.S. 681 (1997)=241
H. Congressional Membership and Prerogatives=244
Reading : Powell v. McCormack, 395 U.S. 486 (1969)=247
Conclusions=249
Notes and Questions=250
Selected Readings=250
7. SEPARATION OF POWERS : EMERGENCIES AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS=253
A. External and Internal Affairs=253
United States v. Curtiss-Wright Corp., 299 U.S. 304 (1936)=256
Congress Interprets Curtiss-Wright : The Iran-Contra Report=258
Haig v. Agee, 453 U.S. 280 (1981)=259
B. An Executive Prerogative?=262
The Prize Cases 2 Black (67 U.S.) 635 (1863)=265
Ex parte Milligan 4 Wall. (71 U.S.) 2 (1866)=268
Korematsu v. United States 323 U.S. 214 (1944)=269
Youngstown Co. v. Sawyer 343 U.S. 579 (1952)=271
New York Times Co. v. United States 403 U.S. 713 (1971)=275
How Sensitive Were the "Pentagon Papers"? / ERWIN N. GRISWOLD=276
C. Treaties and Executive Agreements=278
Goldwater v. Carter, 444 U.S. 996 (1979)=282
Dames & Moore v. Regan 453 U.S. 654 (1981)=283
D. The War Power=286
Military Operations in Libya, OLC opinion=295
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld 542 U.S. 507 (2004)=296
Hamdan v. Rumsfeld 548 U.S. 557 (2006)=298
Boumediene v. Bush 553 U.S. 723 (2008)=300
War Powers Resolution=303
Dellums v. Bush 752 F.Supp. 1141 (D.D.C. 1990)=305
Campbell v. Clinton 203 F.3d 19 (D.C. Cir. 2000)=307
E. Rights of Citizenship=308
Conclusions=310
Notes and Questions=310
Selected Readings=310
8. FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS=313
A. The Principle of Federalism=313
McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 315 (1819)=319
Missouri v. Holland, 252 U.S. 416 (1920)=323
B. The Commerce Clause=324
Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 1 (1824)=328
Cooley v. Board of Wardens, 53 U.S. 299 (1852)=330
C. Nationalization of the Economy=331
Champion v. Ames (Lottery Case), 188 U.S. 321 (1903)=333
Hammer v. Dagenhart, 247 U.S. 251 (1918)=335
D. The New Deal Watershed=337
Carter v. Carter Coal Co., 298 U.S. 238 (1936)=340
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin, 301 U.S. 1 (1937)=342
United States v. Darby, 312 U.S. 100 (1941)=345
Wickard v. Filburn, 317 U.S. 111 (1942)=346
E. From National League to Garcia=349
National League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833 (1976)=350
Garcia v. San Antonio Metro. Transit Auth., 469 U.S. 528 (1985)=352
F. State Powers Revived=354
United States v. Lopez, 514 U.S. 549 (1995)=359
United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000)=362
Gonzales v. Raich, 545 U.S. 1 (2005)=365
G. The Spending and Taxing Powers=367
Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. (Child Labor Tax Case), 259 U.S. 20 (1922)=370
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis, 301 U.S. 548 (1937)=371
South Dakota v. Dole, 483 U.S. 203 (1987)=373
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, 567 U.S._(2012)=375
H. Preemption and Abstention=380
Pennsylvania v. Nelson, 350 U.S. 497 (1956)=383
Arizona v. United States 567 U.S._(2012)=385
I. Nationalization of the Bill of Rights=388
Reading : The Incorporation Doctrine : Testimony by Justice Rehnquist=392
Conclusions=393
Notes and Questions=394
Selected Readings=395
9. ECONOMIC LIBERTIES=397
A. The Meaning of Property=397
Reading : Madison's Essay on Property=398
B. The Contract Clause=399
Calder v. Bull, 3 U.S. (3 Dali.) 385 (1798)=402
Fletcher v. Peck, 10 U.S. (6 Cr.) 87 (1810)=404
Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 517 (1819)=405
Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 420 (1837)=407
Home Bldg. & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398 (1934)=409
C. The Taking Clause=411
Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff, 467 U.S. 229 (1984)=417
Kelo v. City of New London, 545 U.S. 469 (2005)=419
Congress Responds to Kelo=421
D. The Police Power=422
Slaughter-House Cases, 16 Wall. 36 (1873)=424
Munn v. Illinois, 94 U.S. 113 (1877)=426
E. Substantive Due Process=428
Lochner v. New York, 198 U.S. 45 (1905)=432
Adkins v. Children's Hospital, 261 U.S. 525 (1923)=434
West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, U.S. 379 (1937)=437
Ferguson v. Skrupa, 372 U.S. 726 (1963)=438
Conclusions=440
Notes and Questions=440
Selected Readings=441
10. EFFORTS TO CURB THE COURT=443
A. Constitutional Amendments=444
B. Statutory Reversals=446
Reading : Statutory Reversal : Lilly Ledbetter=448
C. Court Packing=450
Reading : FDR's Court-Packing Plan : Senate Report=453
D. Withdrawing Jurisdiction=455
Jurisdiction-Stripping Proposals : ABA Report=460
Human Life Bill : Senate Hearings=461
Ex Parte McCardle, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 506 (1869)=463
E. Noncompliance=464
Reading :
Sustaining Public Confidence=466
Prayers in Public Schools=467
F. Constitutional Dialogues=467
Is the Supreme Court the Constitution?=472
The "Finality" of Supreme Court Decisions : Senate Hearings=473
Conclusions=475
Notes and Questions=476
Selected Readings=476
APPENDICES
Appendix 1. The Constitution of the United States=479
Appendix 2. Justices of the Supreme Court (1789-2012)=493
Appendix 3. Glossary of Legal Terms=495
Appendix 4. How to Research the Law=501
TABLE OF CASES=507
INDEX=523
ABOUT THE AUTHORS=xiii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS=xv
INTRODUCTION=xvii
10. FREE SPEECH IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY=443
A. Free Speech and National Security=443
Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)=448
Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616 (1919)=449
Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925)=450
Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927)=452
Dennis v. United States, 341 U.S. 494 (1951)=454
Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969)=456
Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, 561 U.S._(2010)=458
B. Associational Rights=462
Reading : Congress Seeks to Remove "Subversives" from FDR's Administration=464
C. The Regulation of Speech=465
Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971)=474
R.A.V. v. St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992)=476
Tinker v. Des Moines School Dist., 393 U.S. 503 (1969)=479
Morse v. Frederick, 551 U.S. 393 (2007)=481
D. Forms of Speech=483
Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989)=487
Snyder v. Phelps, 562 U.S._(2011)=489
E. Commercial Speech=492
F. Campaign Finance=495
G. Broadcasting Rights=495
Reading : FCC v. Pacifica Foundation, 438 U.S. 726 (1978)=498
Conclusions=501
Notes and Questions=501
Selected Readings=502
11. FREEDOM OF THE PRESS=505
A. The Evolution of Press Freedoms=505
Areopagitica (1644) / JOHN MILTON=507
House Debate on the Sedition Act of 1798=509
B. Regulating the Press=510
Shield Law=514
Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697 (1931)=515
New York Times Co. v. United States, 403 U.S. 713 (1971)=517
Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 (1972)=520
C. Free Press vs. Fair Trial=523
Nebraska Press Assn. v. Stuart, 427 U.S. 539 (1976)=525
Gannett Co. v. DePasquale, 443 U.S. 368 (1979)=527
Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia, 448 U.S. 555 (1980)=529
D. Libel Law=531
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964)=535
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 (1974)=538
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, 485 U.S. 46 (1988)=541
E. Obscenity=543
Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 (1957)=552
Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)=553
New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982)=555
Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844 (1997)=557
The House Responds to Stevens (2010)=560
Conclusions=562
Notes and Questions=562
Selected Readings=562
12. RELIGIOUS FREEDOM=565
A. The Virginia Statute=566
Virginia Statute for Establishing Religious Freedom (1786)=567
House Debate on the Religion Clauses (1789)=569
B. Free Exercise Clause=570
Minersville School District v. Gobitis, 310 U.S. 586 (1940)=576
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)=577
Goldman v. Weinberger, 475 U.S. 503 (1986)=580
Congress Reverses Goldman=581
C. Establishment Clause=583
Lynch v. Donnelly, 465 U.S. 668 (1984)=591
Allegheny County v. Greater Pittsburgh ACLU, 492 U.S. 573 (1989)=592
Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)=595
Congress Reacts to Smith=597
Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997)=598
D. Financial Assistance to Sectarian Schools=600
Everson v. Board of Education, 330 U.S. 1 (1947)=609
Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602 (1971)=611
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002)=613
E. Religious Instruction and Prayers=615
Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)=621
Congressional Hearings on School Prayer (1964)=623
Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)=624
Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992)=626
Santa Fe Independent Sch. Dist. v. Doe, 530 U.S. 290 (2000)=628
McCreary County v. ACLU, 545 U.S. 844 (2005)=630
F. Nine Justices in Search of a Model=632
Notes and Questions=632
Selected Readings=633
13. DUE PROCESS OF LAW=635
A. The Concept of Due Process=635
Reading : Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45 (1932)=638
B. Due Process for Juveniles=639
Reading : In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1 (1967)=642
C. Grand Juries and Jury Trials=644
Duncan v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 145 (1968)=650
Apodaca v. Oregon, 406 U.S. 404 (1972)=652
Ballew v. Georgia, 435 U.S. 223 (1978)=654
D. Fundamentals of a Fair Trial=655
Reading : Palko v. Connecticut, 302 U.S. 319 (1937)=662
E. Self-Incrimination=664
F. Assistance of Counsel=668
Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963)=674
Escobedo v. Illinois, 378 U.S. 478 (1964)=676
Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966)=678
Dickerson v. United States, 530 U.S. 428 (2000)=680
G. The Eighth Amendment=682
Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972)=691
Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)=694
Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304 (2002)=696
The Death Penalty and Public Opinion / JUSTICE LEWIS POWELL, JR.=699
H. Prisoners' Rights=700
I. The Right to Bear Arms=704
Reading : District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008)=706
Notes and Questions=711
Selected Readings=711
14. SEARCH AND SEIZURE=713
A. Expectations of Privacy=713
B. Arrest and Search Warrants=714
Reading : Congress Responds to Zurcher=718
C. Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement=719
Coolidge v. New Hampshire, 403 U.S. 443 (1971)=734
California v. Ciraolo, 476 U.S. 207 (1986)=737
United States v. Ross, 456 U.S. 798 (1982)=739
Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968)=741
Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969)=743
New Jersey v. T.L.O., 469 U.S. 325 (1985)=745
D. Electronic Eavesdropping=747
Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438 (1928)=752
Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347 (1967)=754
E. The Exclusionary Rule=756
Weeks v. United States, 232 U.S. 383 (1914)=761
Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643 (1961)=763
United States v. Leon, 468 U.S. 897 (1984)=765
Conclusions=767
Notes and Questions=768
Selected Readings=769
15. RACIAL DISCRIMINATION=771
A. Slavery=771
Reading : Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857)=775
B. Civil War Amendments=778
Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883)=782
Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896)=784
C. School Desegregation=787
Government's Brief in Brown=795
Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)=796
Bolling v. Sharpe, 347 U.S. 497 (1954)=799
Brown v. Board of Education 349 U.S. 294 (1955)=800
Cooper v. Aaron, 358 U.S. 1 (1958)=801
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Bd. of Ed., 402 US. 1 (1971)=803
Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974)=804
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, 551 U.S. 701 (2007)=806
D. Desegregating Other Activities=810
Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1 (1948)=814
Congress Interprets the Commerce Clause=816
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 379 U.S. 241 (1964)=817
E. Employment and Affirmative Action=819
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978)=829
Fullilove v. Klutznick, 448 U.S. 448 (1980)=832
Richmond v. Croson Co., 488 U.S. 469 (1989)=834
Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)=836
Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244 (2003)=838
Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003)=839
Conclusions=841
Notes and Questions=842
Selected Readings=842
16. THE EXPANSION OF EQUAL PROTECTION=845
A. The Struggle for Women's Rights=845
Bradwell v. State, 83 U.S. 130 (1873)=850
Congress Responds to Bradwell=852
Equal Pay Act of 1963 : Congressional Debate=853
Civil Rights Act of 1964 : Congressional Debate=854
B. Contemporary Gender Issues=856
Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677 (1973)=864
Craig v. Boren, 429 U.S. 190 (1976)=866
Michael M. v. Sonoma County Superior Court, 450 U.S. 464 (1981)=869
Personnel Administrator of Mass. v. Feeney, 442 U.S. 256 (1979)=870
Johnson v. Transportation Agency, 480 U.S. 616 (1987)=872
Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, 499 U.S. 187 (1991)=874
Rostker v. Goldberg, 453 U.S. 57 (1981)=875
Senate Debates Women in Combat=877
United States v. Virginia, 518 U.S. 515 (1996)=878
C. Rights of Aliens=881
Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886)=884
Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982)=886
D. Rights of the Poor=890
Shapiro v. Thompson, 394 U.S. 618 (1969)=893
San Antonio School Dist. v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1 (1973)=894
E. Equal Protection for Gays and Lesbians=897
Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996)=899
Attorney General Letter to Congress Regarding DOMA=902
Conclusions=904
Notes and Questions=904
Selected Readings=904
17. RIGHTS OF PRIVACY=907
A. Dimensions of Privacy=907
Buck v. Bell, 274 U.S. 200 (1927)=911
Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969)=912
B. Use of Contraceptives=914
Reading : Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965)=916
C. Reproductive Freedom=918
Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)=927
Hyde Amendment of 1976 : Congressional Debate=930
Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297 (1980)=932
Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, 462 U.S. 416 (1983)=934
Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992)=936
Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000)=939
Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 (2007)=941
D. The Right to Die=944
Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Dept. of Health, 497 U.S. 261 (1990)=947
Vacco v. Quill, 521 U.S. 793 (1997)=949
E. Gay Rights=951
Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986)=956
Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003)=958
F. Defining the Limits of Privacy=960
Financial Privacy Act of 1978 : Congressional Debate=962
The Right to Privacy : The Bork Hearings=964
Conclusions=967
Notes and Questions=967
Selected Readings=968
18. POLITICAL PARTICIPATION=969
A. Presidential Elections=969
Reading : Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98 (2000)=979
B. Voting Rights=981
Smith v. Allwright, 321 U.S. 649 (1944)=990
Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections, 383 U.S. 663 (1966)=992
South Carolina v. Katzenbach, 383 U.S. 301 (1966)=994
Mobile v. Bolden, 446 U.S. 55 (1980)=996
Congress Reverses Mobile v. Bolden=998
C. Reapportionment=1000
Colegrove v. Green, 328 U.S. 549 (1946)=1010
Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962)=1011
Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964)=1013
Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533 (1964)=1015
Shaw v. Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993)=1018
Miller v. Johnson, 515 U.S. 900 (1995)=1020
D. Campaign Financing=1022
Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976)=1032
Citizens United v. FEC, 558 U.S._(2010)=1034
Testimony by Lawrence Lessig=1038
E. Lobbying=1040
Reading : Madison's Views on Factions=1042
Conclusions=1044
Notes and Questions=1045
Selected Readings=1045
19. EFFORTS TO CURB THE COURT=1047
A. Constitutional Amendments=1048
B. Statutory Reversals=1050
Reading : Statutory Reversal : Lilly Ledbetter=1052
C. Court Packing=1054
Reading : FDR's Court-Packing Plan : Senate Report=1057
D. Withdrawing Jurisdiction=1059
Jurisdiction-Stripping Proposals : ABA Report=1064
Human Life Bill : Senate Hearings=1065
Ex Parte McCardle, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 506 (1869)=1067
E. Noncompliance=1068
Reading : Sustaining Public Confidence=1070
F. Constitutional Dialogues=1071
Prayers in Public Schools=1071
Is the Supreme Court the Constitution?=1076
The "Finality" of Supreme Court Decisions : Senate Hearings=1077
Conclusions=1079
Notes and Questions=1080
Selected Readings=1080
Appendix 1. The Constitution of the United States=1038
Appendix 2. Justices of the Supreme Court (1789-2012)=1097
Appendix 3. Glossary of Legal Terms=1099
Appendix 4. How to Research the Law=1105
TABLE OF CASES=1111
INDEX=1143