영문목차
Introduction=3
Conceptualization and Evolution of Corporate Social Investment : Theories and Constructs=11
Introduction=11
Definitions of, and Constructs for, Corporate Social Responsibility=13
ISO 26000=16
Triple Bottom Line/3BL=17
Carroll's CSR Pyramid=19
Shared Value Creation=20
Paradigms of Process and Corporate Social Performance=22
Recompense and Reciprocity=23
Enlightened Self-Interest=26
Origins of Corporate Social Responsibility=29
Drivers for Corporate Social Responsibility=34
The "Business Case" for Corporate Social Responsibility=34
Corporate and Personal Integrity=38
Religious Doctrines=39
Cultural Conventions=41
Innate Biological Theories=42
Issue Drivers : Environmental Concerns as an Illustration=45
Economic Theories=47
Legal Theories of Corporate Purpose=47
Non-Profit Organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations, and Social Enterprises=51
Origins of Tax-Exempt Organizations=52
Types of Tax-Exempt Corporations=53
Rationales for Tax Exemption=55
Hybrid Profit/Non-Profit Enterprises=62
Consumer Demand and Activism=69
Market Norms=73
Civil Society=75
Profitability Drivers=77
Role of Companies' Internal Constituents=79
Management's Role=79
Managerial Imprimatur and Endorsement=79
Directors' Fiduciary Duties=81
The Employee Stakeholder=82
Applicant Recruitment=83
Staff Retention=84
Professional Development of Corporate Staff=86
Employee Motivations for Commercial Innovation=87
Employees as Corporate Reputation-Builders=92
Ethical Supply Chain Management=92
The Role of the Investor=95
Socially Responsible Investment=95
Social Impact Investment=99
Market Considerations=102
Market Competition=102
Market Opportunities=103
Professional Ethics=106
The Role of Government=107
Government Incentives=107
Gaps in Governmental Welfare=110
Privatization in Lieu of Regulation=111
Reporting Standards and Strategies=112
Development of a Corporate Vision for Social Investment=115
The Utility of Crystallizing CSR Concepts=115
Challenges to Crystallization=117
Excising Matters From the Purview of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs=119
Legal Compliance=121
Internal Operational Efficiencies=124
The Process of Crystallization=130
Strategic Alignments and Models for Delivery : Practices and Processes=145
Introduction=145
A Framework for Strategic Thematic Development=147
Understanding Poverty Traps=148
Background of Global Engagement=149
Millennium Development Goals as a Framework for Corporate Social Investment=154
Theme Selection for the Social Investment Agenda=156
Thematic Options=156
The Process of Thematic Selection=158
Strategy Development=159
Data-Gathering and Analysis=160
The Audit : Canvassing Past and Current Initiatives=160
The Survey : Ascertaining Interests, Community Connections, and Expertise=166
Data Analysis=170
Benchmarking=172
Identifying Corporate Differentiators=172
Selecting a Discrete Number of Themes=172
Engaging Cross-Functional Teams=175
Resource Allocation=175
Personnel Support=176
Budgetary Resources=177
Salient Features of an Effectual Social Investment Program=179
Strategic Alignments=179
Corporate and Community Synergies=179
Symbiotic Self-Enlightenment=181
Stakeholder Expectations and Long-Range Engagement=183
An Illustration of Strategic Alignment=185
Social Investment Ideologies=189
A Needs-Driven Approach=191
Utilizing a Holistic and Integrated Approach=193
Integrating Hybrid Arrangements=198
Empowerment Through Collaboration and Collective Action=200
The Process of Stakeholder Identification=202
Leveraging Core Competencies=206
Enticing Participation=207
Collaboration as a Strategy=209
An Illustration : Pro Bono Service by Lawyers=216
Partnerships with Public Interest Organizations=216
Teaming Arrangements by In-House and Outside Counsel=218
The Utility of In-House Counsel and Law Firm Teaming Arrangements=218
Suitability of Matters for Teaming Arrangements=219
Strategic Formation and Implementation of Teaming Arrangements=223
Generating the Pro Bono Opportunity=223
The Size of the Team and Its Constituents=224
Progression of the Teaming Arrangement=226
Shifting Relationship Dynamics=226
Engaging in Collaborations=226
Communications in the Teaming Arrangement=227
The Project Leader=228
Teammates' Expectations=229
Global Pro Bono Teaming : An Illustration=231
Commitment to Quality Work Product=233
Principled Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs=235
Impactful Project Execution=236
Programmatic Infrastructure=237
Leadership and Endorsement=237
Managerial Support=237
Outsourcing Options=239
Committees, Designees, and Staff=239
Employee Engagement=240
Professional Responsibilities : Legal Pro Bono Service as an Illustration=240
Training and Mentoring=241
Expectations About Employee Participation=241
Recognition of Employee Service=243
Performance Reviews and Compensation=243
Awards and Recognition=245
Development of Opportunities and Models for Delivery=246
Development of Corporate Social Responsibility Opportunities=247
Models for Delivery for Legal Pro Bono Service=250
Developing a Global Pro Bono Practice=251
Corporate Social Responsibility Resources and Organizations=252
Models for Delivery of Service=254
Monetary Support=254
Charitable Giving=254
Origins and Evolution of Philanthropic Support=254
Strategic Philanthropy=255
Financial Considerations=256
Philanthropic Focus and Processes=260
Fundraising=265
Corporate-Sponsored Activities=265
Cause Marketing and Signature Projects=267
In-Kind Support Through Technical Assistance=267
Community Service=269
Corporate-Sponsored Events=269
Individual Participation=270
Integration in Corporate Events=270
Coordination of Community Service Events=270
Civic Engagement=272
Launching a Social Investment Program=273
Communications About the Company's Social Investment Program=273
Announcement=273
Hosting a Launch Event=273
Informational Listserv and Intranet Postings=274
Policy Statements=274
Monitoring and Feedback=275
Protocolization of Programs : Principles and Policies=279
Introduction=279
Risk Management of Corporate Social Responsibility=281
Risk Taxonomy=281
Risk Management Objectives=284
Protocols and Processes=285
Legal Aspects of Corporate Social Responsibility=291
Theories of Shareholder Primacy=291
Agency Theories=295
Statutes and Court Decisions Relating to Companies' CSR=297
Legal and Empirical Constructs Regarding Shareholder Primacy=308
Constituency Statutes=309
The Business Judgment Rule=314
Lawyers' Ethical Considerations : Legal Pro Bono Service=317
Global Pro Bono Service=321
Nature of Global Pro Bono Service=321
Jurisdictional Rules and Practices=322
Mandatory Versus Voluntary Service=324
Identification of the Pro Bono Client=327
Conflicts of Interest=328
Concurrent Conflicts of Interest=328
Positional Conflicts of Interest=330
Personal Conflicts of Interest=331
Conflicts of Interest in Short-Term Limited Scope Representations=333
Ideological and Institutional Sensitivities=333
Unauthorized Practice of Law=334
Securing Qualification=336
Engaging Para-Professionals=337
Competency=338
Client Consent in Teaming Arrangements=341
Pay-to-Play Arrangements=342
Vetting and Other Risk Management Considerations=343
Vetting and Due Diligence=344
Customer/Client Considerations=348
Political Sensitivities=349
Oversight of the Vetting Process=349
Insurance Coverage=353
Malpractice Liability Coverage=353
Directors' and Officers' Coverage=354
Cultural Competencies=355
Engagement with Emerging Markets=356
Communications=358
Positive Publicity=358
Greenwashing and Related Practices=361
Quality Control=372
Professionalism=375
Leadership=376
Program Oversight=382
Impact Analysis : Measuring the Meaning=389
Introduction=389
Components of Impact Analysis=390
Returns on Investment for the Company=391
Challenges of Measurement=391
Evaluative Tools for Corporate ROIs=396
Internal Assessments=399
Company Self-Evaluations=399
Individual Performance Evaluations=399
Programmatic Self-Evaluations=401
Oversight Evaluations=402
Divisional Audits=410
Employee Surveys=413
Quantitative Data=416
An Illustration : Legal Pro Bono Service=416
Human Resources ROIs=419
Externally-Based Indicia=419
Opportunities Through External Stakeholder Engagement=419
External Recognition=422
Composite Analyses=423
Community Impact Analysis=424
Distinction From Corporate ROIs=425
The Importance of Monitoring and Evaluation=426
Key Performance Indicators=428
The Process of KPI Identification=428
Salient Characteristics of Impactful Programs=430
Metrics Methodologies=430
Customization and Types of Standard Metrics=433
Work Product Quality and Strategic Focus=435
Quantitative Data=437
Randomized Evaluations=438
Resultant Quantified Analysis=440
Relative Quantified Analysis=440
Indicators=441
Downstream Indicators=441
Proxy Indicators=442
Unintended Adverse Consequences=443
Government and Other Third-Party Data=443
Observational and Solicited Data=444
Interviews=444
Self-Reports=445
Third-Party Reports=445
Surveys=445
Feedback Mechanisms=446
Prioritization of Humanistic Elements=446
Scaleability and Replicability=451
Transparency and Benchmarks=453
Integrated Shared Value Analysis=456
Mission-Project Interface Evaluation=458
Iterative Metrics Methodologies=460
Prospective and Outcome Assessment and Alignment=461
Interim Assessments=466
Longitudinal Measurement of Programmatic Benchmarks=467
Conclusions=477
Acknowledgments=483
About the Author=485
Table of Figures=489
Table of Laws, Cases, and Codes=491
Constitutions=491
Statutes and Regulations=491
Cases=492
Rules of Professional Conduct=493
Guidelines=493
Model Act and Model Rules=493
Index=495