[Title Page]
Contents
I. Introduction 9
II. Changes in Tax and Public Burdens in Korea and Related Characteristics 11
1. Trends in Tax and Public Burden Ratios 11
A. Trends in Tax Burden Ratios 11
B. Trends in Public Burden Ratios 18
C. Economic Development and Tax and Public Burden Ratios 20
2. Changes in Composition of Tax Items of Tax Revenues 23
III. Determinants of Public Burden Ratios 27
1. Public Burden Ratios of OECD Member Nations: Differences and Trends 27
2. Determinants of Public Burden Ratios and Related Effects 32
IV. Analysis of Relations between Tax Revenue Structures and Tax Burden Ratios 37
1. Tax and Public Burden Ratios and Composition of Tax Revenues of OECD Nations 38
2. Literature Survey on the Relationship between Tax Burden Ratio and Tax Revenue Composition 40
A. Efficiency of Taxation Structure: Composition of Tax Revenue and Economic Growth 41
B. Tax Efficiency and Government Size: Becker and Mulligan(1998) 44
C. Policy Implications and Limitations of Existing Studies 49
3. Empirical Analysis on Relations between Tax Burden Ratio and Tax Revenue Composition 51
A. Estimation Model and Data 52
B. Methods and Result of Estimation 59
V. Summary and Conclusion 65
References 69
〈Table II-1〉 Trends in Tax Burden and Public Burden Ratios 12
〈Table II-2〉 Periodical Changes in the Composition of Tax Revenues 24
〈Table III-1〉 Example of Determinants of Public Burden Ratios 34
〈Table IV-1〉 Ratios of Tax Revenues to GDP by Group and Tax Item(2010) 39
〈Table IV-2〉 Results of Empirical Analysis on the Influence of Tax Efficiency on... 47
〈Table IV-3〉 Summary of Data Used in Estimation 57
〈Table IV-4〉 Independent Variables Included in Individual Functions 59
〈Table IV-5〉 Results of Estimating Relations between Tax Burden and Tax Revenue... 61
[Figure II-1] Trends of Tax Burden Ratios(1953-2012) 14
[Figure II-2] Trends of Tax Burden Ratios(1953-1980) 17
[Figure II-3] Trends of Tax Burden Ratios(1981-2012) 18
[Figure II-4] Trends of Tax Burden Ratios and Public Burden Ratios(1981-2012) 20
[Figure II-5] Per Capita GDP and Tax Burden Ratios(1970-2012) 21
[Figure II-6] Per Capita GDP and Tax and Public Burden Ratios(1970-2012) 23
[Figure III-1] Public Burden Ratios in Different Countries 29
[Figure III-2] Trends of Average Public Burden Ratio of OECD Members 30