[Title Page]
Contents
I. Introduction 9
1. Elderly Long-term Care Insurance 14
A. Background and Purpose 14
B. Management and Operating System 15
C. Eligibility and Content of Benefits 15
D. Source of Revenue 18
2. Current State of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance 20
A. Applicants and Qualified Beneficiaries 20
B. Premium Rate 22
C. Financial Earnings and Expenses 23
II. Current State of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance in Korea 14
III. Research on Characteristics of Recipient Households of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance 26
1. Basic Analysis 26
A. Research Data 26
B. Analysis on Characteristics of Recipient Households 27
2. Comparison between Recipients and Non-recipients of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance: Using the Method of Propensity Score Matching 35
IV. Measures for Efficiency in Benefits Spending 41
1. Differentiation of Grants for Long-term Care Institutions 43
A. Background 43
B. Model 46
C. Simulation 49
D. Considerations for Introduction of the System 56
2. Differentiation of Patients' Co-payment Ratio 57
A. Background 57
B. Model 62
C. Simulation 66
D. Considerations for Introduction of the System 80
V. Summary & Conclusion 81
References 85
〈Table II-1〉 Scope of Coverage for Elderly Long-term Care Insurance 16
〈Table II-2〉 Types of Home Care Benefits 17
〈Table II-3〉 Recipients' Co-payment of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance 19
〈Table II-4〉 Yearly Approval Rate 21
〈Table II-5〉 Yearly Finances of Long-term Care Insurance 24
〈Table II-6〉 National Treasury Support 25
〈Table III-1〉 Basic Statistics for Research on Recipient Families of Elderly... 28
〈Table III-2〉 Basic Statistics by Household Type 29
〈Table III-3〉 Analysis on Difference between Ordinary Income and Proportion of... 32
〈Table III-4〉 Current State of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance(Sample) 35
〈Table III-5〉 Result of Probit Analysis 36
〈Table III-6〉 Distribution of Propensity Scores of Recipients and Non-recipients 37
〈Table III-7〉 Comparison on Control Variable of Recipients and Non-recipients 38
〈Table III-8〉 Comparison of Recipients and Non-recipients(Total) 39
〈Table III-9〉 Comparison of Recipient and Non-recipient(By Income Bracket) 39
〈Table IV-1〉 Current Use of Benefit Utilization by Age(2012) 42
〈Table IV-2〉 Simulation(1): Two Grades(high vs. low) 52
〈Table IV-3〉 Simulation(2): Three Grades(high, medium, low) 54
〈Table IV-4〉 Simulation(3): Five Grades(A, B, C, D, E) 55
〈Table IV-5〉 Trends in Benefits of Long-term Care Insurance for the Elderly 58
〈Table IV-6〉 Review of Benefits by Income Level(Eligibility) 59
〈Table IV-7〉 (Uniform Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier Differentiation... 70
〈Table IV-8〉 (Uniform Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier Differentiation... 71
〈Table IV-9〉 (Uniform Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier Differentiation... 73
〈Table IV-10〉 (Bell-shaped Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier... 74
〈Table IV-11〉 (Bell-shaped Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier... 75
〈Table IV-12〉 (Bell-shaped Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier... 76
〈Table IV-13〉 (Bell-shaped Distribution) Simulation Results for Two-tier... 77
〈Table IV-14〉 (Uniform Distribution) Simulation Results for Three-tier... 78
〈Table IV-15〉 (Bell-shaped Distribution) Simulation Results for Three-tier... 79
[Figure I-1] Long-term Care Expenditure in OECD Countries in Comparison to GDP 10
[Figure I-2] Estimated Revenue and Expenditure of Elderly Long-term Care Insurance 11
[Figure II-1] Certified Beneficiaries in Each Grade 21
[Figure II-2] Long-term Care Insurance Rate 23
[Figure III-1] Proportion of Low-income Class by Household Type 33
[Figure III-2] Proportion of Households by Household Type and Income Bracket 34
[Figure IV-1] Distribution of Care Expenses by Eligibility Requirements... 60
[Figure IV-2] Fixed-rate Co-payment(Current System) 61
[Figure IV-3] Differentiation of Patients' Co-payment Ratio: Linear 62
[Figure IV-4] Differentiation of Patients' Co-payment Ratio: Two-tier System 63
[Figure IV-5] Differentiation of Patients' Co-payment Ratio: Three-tier System 65
[Figure IV-6] Review of General Recipients by Eligibility Score 68
[Figure IV-7] Assumed Distribution on the Actual Number of Patients among... 69