List of figures and tablesAcknowledgementsList of abbreviationsIntroduction1 Social media, contentious politics and social movements2 Too many cyberwarriors? The case of Loyalist Peaceful Protest Updater3“You can’t eat a flag”: Northern Ireland Twitter responds to the flag protests4 PSNIRA vs peaceful protesters? YouTube, sousveillance and the policing of the flag protests5 Parody of esteem? LAD and the rise of ‘silly citizenship’6 Twitter, affective publics and public demonstrations: the 2014 and 2015 Ardoyne parade disputesConclusionAppendix 1 Content analysis of newspaper coverage of flag protestsAppendix 2 Content analysis of newspaper coverage of the Ardoyne parade disputesBibliographyIndex