1 Introduction2 Environmental Crime at the International Level Criminalisation of Illegal Trade in Wildlife under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (cites)3 Environmental Crime at the International Level Criminalisation of Illegal Traffic of Hazardous Wastes under the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (Basel Convention)4 Environmental Crime at the International Level The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (The marpol)5 Environmental Crime at the EU Level Substantive Criminal Law6 Environmental Crime at the EU Level Judicial Cooperation, Conflicts of Jurisdiction and Ne Bis in Idem7 Environmental Crime at the EU Level The Role of EU Agencies and Bodies8 Conclusion The Regulation of Environmental Crime in International and EU Law: Coming of Age?