Title page
Contents
Foreword 5
Acknowledgments 7
Further information 7
Key numbers 8
Patents 9
Highlights 10
Patent statistics 21
Trademarks 58
Highlights 59
Trademark statistics 67
Industrial designs 95
Highlights 96
Industrial design statistics 103
Plant varieties 127
Highlights 128
Plant variety statistics 132
Geographical indications 142
Highlights 143
Creative economy 149
Highlights 150
Creative economy statistics 156
Additional information 166
Data description 167
IP systems at a glance 170
Glossary 175
Abbreviations 183
Annex A. Definitions for selected energy-related technology fields 184
Annex B. Composition of industry sectors by Nice goods and services classes 184
Annex C. Industry sectors by Locarno classes 184
Standard figures and tables
A1. Trend in patent applications worldwide, 2007-2021 23
A2. Resident and non-resident patent applications worldwide, 2007-2021 23
A3. Trend in patent grants worldwide, 2007-2021 23
A4. Resident and non-resident patent grants worldwide, 2007-2021 24
A5. Patent applications by region, 2011 and 2021 24
A6. Trend in patent applications for the top five offices, 1883-2021 24
A7. Patent applications at the top 20 offices, 2021 25
A8. Contribution of resident and non-resident applications to total growth for the top 20 offices, 2020-2021 25
A9. Patent applications at offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 25
A10. Contribution of resident and non-resident applications to total growth for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2020-2021 26
A11. Patent grants by region, 2011 and 2021 26
A12. Trend in patent grants for the top five offices, 1883-2021 26
A13. Patent grants for the top 20 offices, 2021 27
A14. Contribution of resident and non-resident grants to total growth for the top 20 offices, 2020-2021 27
A15. Patent grants for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 27
A16. Contribution of resident and non-resident grants to total growth for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2020-2021 28
A17. Equivalent patent applications for the top 20 origins, 2021 28
A18. Patent applications for the top 20 offices and origins, 2021 29
A19. Flows of non-resident patent applications between the top five origins and the top 10 offices, 2021 30
A20. Equivalent patent grants for the top 20 origins, 2021 31
A21. Trend in patent families worldwide, 2005-2019 31
A22. Distribution of patent families by number of offices for the top origins, 2017-2019 31
A23. Trend in foreign-oriented patent families worldwide, 2005-2018 32
A24. Foreign-oriented patent families for the top 20 origins, 2017-2018 32
A25. Distribution of technology fields for selected applicants based on patent families, 2017-2019 33
A26. Distribution of technology fields for selected universities and PROs based on patent families, 2017-2019 34
A27. Published patent applications worldwide by field of technology, 2010, 2015 and 2020 35
A28. Distribution of published patent applications by technology field for the top 10 origins, 2018-2020 36
A29. Trend in patent applications in energy-related technologies, 2005-2020 37
A30. Share of patent applications in energy-related technologies for the top five origins, 2018-2020 37
A31. Share of women among listed inventors in PCT applications, 2007-2021 38
A32. Share of PCT applications with at least one woman as inventor and with at least one man as inventor, 2007-2021 38
A33. Share of women among listed inventors and share of PCT applications with at least one woman as inventor for the top 20 origins, 2021 38
A34. Share of PCT patent applications with women inventors by field of technology, 2021 39
A35. Resident patent applications per USD 100 billion GDP for the top 20 origins, 2011 and 2021 39
A36. Resident patent applications per million population for the top 20 origins, 2011 and 2021 39
A37. Trend in patents in force worldwide, 2008-2021 40
A38. Patents in force at the top 20 offices, 2021 40
A39. Patents in force in 2021 as a percentage of total applications 40
A40. Average age of patents in force at selected offices, 2016 and 2021 41
A41. Distribution of patent examination outcomes for selected offices, 2021 41
A42. Potentially pending applications at the top 20 offices, 2021 41
A43. Average pendency times for first office action and final decision at selected offices, 2021 42
A44. Number of patent examiners for selected offices, 2021 42
A45. Average years of experience of patent examiners for selected offices, 2021 42
A46. PPH requests by office of first filing and offices of later examination, 2021 43
A47. Flows of PPH requests between offices of first filing and offices of later examination, 2021 44
A48. Trend in utility model applications worldwide, 2007-2021 45
A49. Utility model applications for the top 20 offices, 2021 45
A50. Utility model applications for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 45
A51. Trend in microorganism deposits worldwide, 2007-2021 46
A52. Deposits at the top international depositary authorities, 2021 46
A53. Patent applications by office and origin, 2021 47
A54. Patent grants by office and origin, and patents in force, 2021 50
A55. Patent office procedural data, 2021 53
A56. Utility model applications and grants by office and origin, 2021 55
B1. Trend in trademark applications worldwide, 2007-2021 69
B2. Trend in trademark application class counts worldwide, 2007-2021 69
B3. Resident and non-resident trademark application class counts worldwide, 2007-2021 69
B4. Trend in trademark registrations worldwide, 2007-2021 70
B5. Trend in trademark registration class counts worldwide, 2007-2021 70
B6. Resident and non-resident trademark registration class counts worldwide, 2007-2021 70
B7. Trademark application class counts by region, 2011 and 2021 71
B8. Trend in trademark applications for the top five offices, 1883-2021 71
B9. Trademark application class counts for the top 20 offices, 2021 71
B10. Contribution of resident and non-resident application class counts to total growth for the top 20 offices, 2020-2021 72
B11. Trademark application class counts for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 72
B12. Contribution of resident and non-resident application class counts to total growth for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2020-2021 72
B13. Trademark registration class counts by region, 2011 and 2021 73
B14. Trend in trademark registrations for the top five offices, 1883-2021 73
B15. Trademark registration class counts for the top 20 offices, 2021 73
B16. Trademark registration class counts for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 74
B17. Trademark application class counts for the top 20 origins, 2021 74
B18. Trademark application class counts for selected low- and middle-income origins, 2021 74
B19. Trademark application class counts abroad for the top 20 origins, 2021 75
B20. Trademark application class counts for the top 20 offices and origins, 2021 75
B21. Flows of non-resident trademark application class counts between selected top origins and offices, 2021 76
B22. Distribution of trademark application class counts for the top 15 offices and selected non-resident origins, 2021 77
B23. Distribution of non-resident trademark applications by top Nice classes, 2021 77
B24. Non-resident trademark applications by goods and services classes, 2021 77
B25. Non-resident trademark applications by industry sector, 2021 78
B26. Trademark applications by top three sectors at the top offices, 2021 78
B27. Distribution of trademark applications by goods and services at the top offices, 2021 79
B28. Trademark applications by top three sectors for the top origins, 2021 79
B29. Distribution of trademark applications by goods and services for the top origins, 2021 79
B30. Resident trademark application class count per USD 100 billion GDP for selected origins, 2011 and 2021 80
B31. Resident trademark application class count per million population for selected origins, 2011 and 2021 80
B32. Collective trademark applications for the top 20 offices, 2021 80
B33. Certification trademark applications for the top 20 offices, 2021 81
B34. Trend in trademark registrations in force worldwide, 2010-2021 81
B35. Trademark registrations in force for the top 20 offices, 2021 81
B36. Trademark registrations in force in 2021 as a percentage of total registrations recorded between 1997 and 2021 82
B37. Average age of trademarks in force at selected offices, 2016 and 2021 82
B38. Distribution of trademark examination outcomes for selected offices, 2021 82
B39. Potentially pending trademark applications for selected offices, 2021 83
B40. Number of trademark examiners for selected offices, 2021 83
B41. Duration of trademark examination for selected offices, 2021 83
B42. Third-party oppositions for selected offices, 2021 84
B43. Appeals against decisions for selected offices, 2021 84
B44. Trademark applications by office and origin, 2021 85
B45. Trademark registrations by office and origin, and trademarks in force, 2021 89
B46. Trademark office procedural data, 2021 93
C1. Trend in industrial design applications worldwide, 2007-2021 105
C2. Trend in application design counts worldwide, 2007-2021 105
C3. Resident and non-resident application design counts worldwide, 2007-2021 105
C4. Trend in industrial design registrations worldwide, 2007-2021 106
C5. Trend in registration design counts worldwide, 2007-2021 106
C6. Resident and non-resident registration design counts worldwide, 2007-2021 106
C7. Application design counts by region, 2011 and 2021 107
C8. Trend in industrial design applications for the top five offices, 1883-2021 107
C9. Application design counts for the top 20 offices, 2021 107
C10. Contribution of resident and non-resident application design counts to total growth for the top 20 offices, 2020-2021 108
C11. Application design counts for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 108
C12. Contribution of resident and non-resident application design counts to total growth for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2020-2021 108
C13. Registration design counts for the top 20 offices, 2021 109
C14. Registration design counts for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 109
C15. Non-resident application design counts by filing route, 2007-2021 109
C16. Equivalent application design counts for the top 20 origins, 2021 110
C17. Application design counts for the top 20 origins, 2021 110
C18. Equivalent application design counts for selected low- and middle-income origins, 2021 110
C19. Application design counts for selected low- and middle-income origins, 2021 111
C20. Flows of non-resident application design counts for the top five origins and the top 10 offices of high-income economies, 2021 112
C21. Flows of non-resident application design counts for the top five origins and the top 10 offices of low- and middle-income economies, 2021 113
C22. Application design counts for the top 10 Locarno classes, 2021 114
C23. Application design counts by industry sector, 2021 114
C24. Distribution of application design counts by the top three sectors for the top 10 offices, 2021 114
C25. Distribution of application design counts by the top three sectors for the top 10 origins, 2021 115
C26. Resident application design count per USD 100 billion of GDP for the top 20 origins, 2011 and 2021 115
C27. Resident application design count per million population for the top 20 origins, 2011 and 2021 115
C28. Trend in industrial design registrations in force worldwide, 2011-2021 116
C29. Industrial design registrations in force for the top 20 offices, 2021 116
C30. Industrial design registrations in force in 2021 as a percentage of total registrations 116
C31. Average age of industrial design registrations in force at selected offices, 2016 and 2021 117
C32. Distribution of industrial design examination outcomes for selected offices, 2021 117
C33. Potentially pending applications for selected offices, 2021 117
C34. Average pendency times from filing date to first office action and to final decision at selected offices, 2021 118
C35. Number of industrial design examiners for selected offices, 2021 118
C36. Industrial design applications by office and origin, 2021 119
C37. Industrial design registrations by office and origin, and registrations in force, 2021 122
C38. Industrial design office procedural data, 2021 125
D1. Trend in plant variety applications worldwide, 2007-2021 133
D2. Trend in plant variety titles issued worldwide, 2007-2021 133
D3. Plant variety applications by region, 2011 and 2021 133
D4. Trend in plant variety applications for the top five offices, 2000-2021 134
D5. Plant variety applications for the top 20 offices, 2021 134
D6. Contribution of resident and non-resident applications to total growth for the top 20 offices, 2020-2021 134
D7. Plant variety applications for offices of selected low- and middle-income countries, 2021 135
D8. Flow of non-resident applications for the top offices, 2021 136
D9. Plant variety titles issued by the top 20 offices, 2021 137
D10. Trend in plant variety titles issued for the top five offices, 2000-2021 137
D11. Plant variety applications for the top 20 origins, 2021 137
D12. Plant variety equivalent applications for the top 20 origins, 2021 138
D13. Plant variety applications abroad for the top 20 origins, 2021 138
D14. Plant variety titles issued for the top 20 origins, 2021 138
D15. Plant variety titles issued abroad for the top 20 origins, 2021 139
D16. Trend in plant varieties in force worldwide, 2007-2021 139
D17. Plant varieties in force at selected offices, 2021 139
D18. Plant variety applications and titles issued by office and origin, and plant variety titles in force by office, 2021 140
F1. Publishing industry revenue (USD million), 2021 157
F2. Distribution of publishing industry revenue by format, 2021 157
F3. Distribution of publishing industry revenue by destination, 2021 157
F4. Distribution of publishing industry revenue by sales channel, 2021 158
F5. Children's books revenue (USD million), 2021 158
F6. Share of children's books within trade sector revenue, 2021 158
F7. Number of titles published by the trade and educational sectors, 2021 159
F8. Distribution of titles published by the trade and educational sectors by format, 2021 159
F9. Number of children's books titles published by the trade sector, 2021 159
F10. Share of children's books in the number of titles published by the trade sector, 2021 160
F11. Number of books deposited at the top 20 legal repositories, 2021 160
F12. Distribution of books deposited at selected legal repositories by format, 2021 160
F13. Total number of music sheets and music audio deposited at selected legal repositories, 2021 161
F14. Distribution of music sheets and music audio deposited at selected legal repositories, 2021 161
F15. Total number of films and videos deposited in a recognized repository, 2021 161
F16. Total publishing industry revenue by sector (USD million), 2021 162
F17. Total number of titles published by sector, 2021 162
F18. Total number of books deposited in recognized repositories, 2021 163
F19. Total number of ISBN registrations, 2021 165