PrefaceIntroduction1 Seizures of Ships and Goods at Sea before Privateering 1 Seizures of Ships and Goods at Sea as Plunder 2 Acquisition of Prizes in Sixteenth-Century Scotland 3 Seizures of Ships and Goods at Sea as Reprisal 4 Authorisation of Reprisals in Sixteenth-Century Scotland 5 Seizures of Ships and Goods at Sea as Piracy 6 Apprehension of Pirates in Sixteenth-Century Scotland2 From Licit Plunder towards Licensed Privateering 1 Regulation of Maritime Warfare in England 2 Innovation during the Reign of Elizabeth 3 Justification in Terms of the Practice of Nations 4 Justification in Terms of the Law of God 5 Justification in Terms of the Law of Policy 6 Condemnation of Pirates as Common Enemies3 Privateering in Theory and Practice ?avant la lettre? 1 Licensed Raiding in Jacobean Scotland 2 Licensed Raiding in Jacobean England 3 Towards a New Theory of Prize Acquisition 4 Towards a New Theory of International Law 5 Prize Litigation in Caroline England 6 Prize Litigation in Caroline ScotlandConclusionBibliographyIndex