Title page
Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 18
1. STRUCTURE OF THIS REPORT 20
2. METHODOLOGY 21
3. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS 22
CHAPTER 2: DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY 25
1. WHAT IS LAND TENURE? 26
2. WHAT IS CORRUPTION? 27
3. WHAT IS DISCRIMINATION? 29
4. THE LINKS BETWEEN LAND, CORRUPTION AND DISCRIMINATION 31
CHAPTER 3: LAND AND INTERNATIONAL LAW 35
1. INAUSPICIOUS BEGINNINGS 35
2. DEVELOPMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW 36
3. THE RESPECT, PROTECT, FULFIL FRAMEWORK 39
CHAPTER 4: DISCRIMINATION, CORRUPTION AND THE GLOBAL LAND CRISIS 42
1. GLOBAL DRIVERS OF LAND INEQUALITY 43
2. LAND AND DISCRIMINATION 45
3. CORRUPTION IN LAND GOVERNANCE 49
4. ENSURING EQUAL LAND OUTCOMES 53
CHAPTER 5:LAND, CORRUPTION AND DISCRIMINATION IN AFRICA 55
1. GHANA 57
2. KENYA 66
3. MADAGASCAR 77
4. SOUTH AFRICA 85
5. UGANDA 96
6. ZAMBIA 107
7. ZIMBABWE 117
CHAPTER 6: THE DYNAMICS OF DISCRIMINATORY CORRUPTION - KEY FINDINGS 127
CHAPTER 7: RECOMMENDATIONS 134
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 142
ENDNOTES 144