Contents
List of Frequently Used Abbreviations 6
1. Executive Summary 7
2. The Congressional Requests That This Report Fulfills 9
3. Introduction 11
3.1. GES 11
3.2. CDS 11
3.3. SCI 12
3.4. GES, CDS, and SCI Summary 12
4. Current Usage of NASS CDS, NASS GES, and SCI 17
4.1. NASS GES 17
4.2. NASS CDS 17
4.2.1. Problem Identification 18
4.2.2. Regulatory Impact Analysis 18
4.2.3. Regulatory Evaluation 19
4.3. SCI 19
5. Comprehensive Review 20
5.1. Internal Review 20
5.2. External Outreach 20
5.3. Summary of Comments 21
5.4. Summary of Review 26
6. Expanding NASS Analysis 27
6.1. Crash Avoidance 27
6.2. Motorcycle, Medium/Heavy Truck, and Pedestrian Crashes 29
6.3. Improved Analysis from Increasing the Sample Size 31
7. Future System Design 33
7.1. Analytic Objectives of the Future System 33
7.2. The Components of the Future System 34
7.3. Leveraging Technology for an Improved Data System 36
7.3.1. Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMI) and Crash Reconstruction Software 37
7.3.2. Event Data Recorders 37
7.3.3. Using Tablets to Collect CISS Data 38
7.3.4. Electronic PARs and Files 39
7.3.5. Virtual Offices and Field Personnel 40
8. How Big Should the New System Be? 41
8.1. The Number of Crash Investigations in CISS - A "Rare Event" Approach 41
8.2. Focus Areas for Crash Investigations 42
8.3. Recommended Number of Crash Investigations in CISS 43
8.4. The Number of Data Collection Sites in CISS 44
8.5. The Numbers of Data Collection Sites and Crash Reports for CRSS 44
8.6. Summary of Recommended Samples 46
9. Advantages or Disadvantages of Expanding Non-Crash Data Instead of Crash Data 48
9.1. Target Population 48
9.2. Effectiveness Estimates 49
10. Costs of Collecting and Analyzing Additional Data 51
10.1. Costs of Data Modernization 52
11. Potential for Obtaining Private Funding 55
12. Potential for Recovering Costs From High-Volume Users 56
13. Conclusions 58
13.1. Crash Investigation Sampling System 58
13.2. Crash Report Sample System 59
13.3. Improvements to Information Technology Infrastructure 59
13.4. Resources Needed to Implement System Modernization Improvements 60
Table 1. Current Data Systems: GES, CDS, and SCI 13
Table 2. Precision of 2011 NASS 16
Table 3. Comment Summary 21
Table 4. Comment Topic Areas 22
Table 5. Unique Comments 23
Table 6. Analytic Objectives 33
Table 7. Recommended Future System Components 35
Table 8. How Often Data Is Collected 36
Table 9. Current and Recommended Sample Sizes for GES/CRSS and CDS/CISS 47
Table 10. Costs of Current Systems and Estimated Costs of Phasing in the New Systems 53
Figure 1. CDS Case Counts 14
Figure 2. GES Case Counts 15
Figure 3. Percentage of Case Vehicles Less Than 5 Years Old 16
Figure 4. Case Yields in the Two Focus Areas 43
Figure 5. Number of Primary Sampling Units at Which CRSS is Conducted 45
Figure 6. Case Yields in the Two Focus Areas 46