Title page
Contents
Acknowledgments 2
Introduction 7
Overview of the K-3 Suite of Teacher's Guides 7
A First-Grade Teacher's Guide to Help You Support Families 8
Background on the Companion WWC Practice Guide 9
Description and Use of this First-Grade Teacher's Guide 11
Nine Steps for Teachers 16
Common Challenges and Solutions 17
Recommendation 1: Academic Language 18
Recommendation Reminder 18
Glossary 18
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Steps 1 and 2: Talking While You Read 20
Why Is Talking While You Read Important? 20
How Do We Talk While We Read? 20
Use PEER to Talk While You Read 20
Family Literacy Videos 21
1.1. Talking While You Read (The Legend of Spookley the Square Pumpkin) (2:51) 21
Family Activities for How-to Steps 1 and 2: Talking While You Read 22
Talking While You Read Trifold 23
Talking While You Read Bookmark 24
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Supporting Oral Language and Vocabulary 25
What is Oral Language and Vocabulary? 25
How Can Families Support Oral Language and Vocabulary Development? 25
Family Literacy Videos 26
1.3. Language Development in the Kitchen (6:06) 26
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Supporting Oral Language and Vocabulary 26
Talking and Writing in the Kitchen 26
Grocery Shop Talk 26
Appendix 1 29
Teacher Text Messages to Families 29
Videos 29
Recommendation 2: Phonological Awareness And Letter-Sound Relations 30
Recommendation Reminder 30
Glossary 30
Phonological Awareness Continuum 31
A Sequence for Instruction 31
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Phonological Awareness: Onset and Rime 33
Sounds in Words 33
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Phonological Awareness: Onset and Rime Picture Cards 33
Family Literacy Videos 34
2.1. Onset and Rime Picture Cards (3:39) 34
Onset and Rime Picture Cards 35
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Phonemic Awareness: Manipulating Individual Sounds in Words 41
Sounds in Words 41
Pull Apart and Put Together Individual Sounds in Words 41
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Phonemic Awareness: Manipulating Individual Sounds in Words 41
Family Literacy Videos 42
2.1. Say and Slide Individual Sounds in Words (3:36) 42
Say and Slide Individual Sounds in Words 43
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Phonemic Awareness: First, Middle, and Last Sound 48
Sounds in Words 48
Listening for the First, Middle, and Last Sound 48
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Phonemic Awareness: First Sound? Middle Sound? Last Sound? 48
Family Literacy Videos 49
2.1. First Sound? Middle Sound? Last Sound? (4:13) 49
First Sound? Middle Sound? Last Sound? 50
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Letter Names and Letter Sounds 54
What Are Letter-Name and Letter-Sound Knowledge? 54
Vowels and Consonants 54
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Consonant and Short Vowel Sound Practice 54
Family Literacy Videos 55
2.2. Consonant and Short Vowel Sound Practice Using Junk Mail (2:06) 55
Consonant and Short Vowel Sound Practice 56
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Sounds With Two or More Letters 57
What Are Letter-Name and Letter-Sound Knowledge? 57
Sounds With Two or More Letters 57
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Sounds With Two or More Letters 58
Family Literacy Videos 58
2.2. Letter-Sound Practice and Building Words (3:27) 58
Letter-Sound Practice and Building Words 59
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Silent e Rule 63
What Does It Mean to Link Letters to Sounds? 63
Silent e Rule 63
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Silent e Rule 63
Family Literacy Videos 64
2.3. Spelling and Reading Words With Silent e (3:24) 64
Building Words With Silent e 65
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Linking Letter- Sound Relations with Phonemic Awareness 67
What Does It Mean to Link Letters to Sounds? 67
Word-Changing Activities 67
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Change a Letter, Change the Word 67
Family Literacy Videos 68
2.3. Change a Letter, Change the Word (4:42) 68
Change a Letter, Change the Word 69
Appendix 2 71
Teacher Text Messages to Families 71
Videos 71
Books to Share 72
Teacher Resources 73
Recommendation 3: Decode, Analyze, Write, And Recognize Words 75
Recommendation Reminder 75
Glossary 75
Sound-Spelling Patterns 76
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Blending Words 78
What is Blending? 78
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Word Puzzles (Levels 1-3) 78
Family Literacy Videos 79
3.1. Word Puzzles (2:43) 79
Word Puzzles (Level 1) 80
Word Puzzles (Level 2) 84
Word Puzzles (Level 3) 88
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Sound-Spelling Patterns 92
What is a Sound-Spelling Pattern? 92
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Sound-Spelling Pattern Word Sort 92
Family Literacy Videos 93
3.2. Sound-Spelling Pattern Word Sort (3:16) 93
Sound-Spelling Pattern Word Sort: ch, sh, th 94
Sound-Spelling Pattern Word Sort: ar, er, ir, or, ur 97
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts 100
What Are Common Word Parts? 100
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Prefx, Base Word, Sufx 100
Family Literacy Videos 101
3.3. Prefix, Base Word, Suffix (5:09) 101
Prefix, Base Word, Suffix 102
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 4: Reading Words 105
Reading Words 105
Family Activities for How-to Step 4: Let's Read Words and Sentences 105
Family Literacy Videos 106
3.4. Let's Read Words and Sentences (4:27) 106
Let's Read Words and Sentences 107
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 5: High-Frequency Words 108
What are High-Frequency Words? 108
Family Activities for How-to Step 5: Memory Using High-Frequency Words 108
Family Literacy Videos 109
3.5. Memory Using High-Frequency Words (3:30) 109
Memory Using High-Frequency Words 110
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 6: Challenging and Important Words 121
What Are Challenging and Important Words? 121
Family Activities for How-to Step 6: Challenging and Important Words Bookmark 121
Family Literacy Videos 122
3.6. Challenging and Important Words (Click, Clack, Moo: Cows That Type) (6:24) 122
Challenging and Important Words Bookmark 123
Appendix 3 125
Teacher Text Messages to Families 125
Videos 125
Books to Share 126
Teacher Resources 127
Recommendation 4: Fluency and Comprehension 128
Recommendation Reminder 128
Glossary 128
Reading Accurately and Fluently 129
Reading with Expression 129
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Accurate and Efcient Word Identifcation 130
What Is Accurate and Efcient Word Identifcation? 130
How Can Families Support Accurate and Efcient Word Identifcation? 130
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Accurate and Efcient Word Identifcation 131
Family Literacy Videos 131
4.1. When I Read to You (Tacky the Penguin) (4:19) 131
4.1. When You Read to Me (Sheep Out to Eat) (3:55) 131
When I Read to You, When You Read to Me Bookmark 132
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Self-Monitor Understanding and Self-Correct Errors 134
Recognizing Misread Words and Correcting Errors 134
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Self-Monitor Understanding and Self-Correct Errors 134
Family Literacy Videos 135
4.2. Does That Make Sense? (2:57) 135
Does That Make Sense? 136
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Oral Reading Practice 138
Why is Oral Reading Practice Important? 138
How Can Families Support Oral Reading Practice? 138
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Oral Reading Practice 138
Family Literacy Videos 139
4.3. Echo Reading (Sheep in a Jeep) (2:54) 139
4.3. Reading Together (The Pout-Pout Fish) (3:13) 139
Practice Reading Out Loud Bookmark 140
Appendix 4 142
Teacher Text Messages to Families 142
Videos 142
Books to Share 143
References 144
Table 1. Four Recommendations and How-to Steps to Improve Foundational Reading Skills in Kindergarten Through 3rd Grade 10
Table 2. Sample Scope and Sequence 12
Table 3. Example for Two Family Literacy Nights 13
Table 4. Videos for First-Grade Family Involvement in Foundational Reading Skills 15
Table 5. Common Challenges and Solutions 17
Table 6. Sequence of Phonological Awareness Skills 31
Table 7. Consonant, Vowel, and Syllable-Construction Patterns 127
Figure 1. The What Works Clearinghouse Practice Guide and Supporting Professional Learning Communities Materials and the First-Grade Teacher's Guide 8