Title page
Contents
Acknowledgments 2
Introduction 8
Overview of K-3 Suite of Teacher's Guides 8
Background on the Companion WWC Practice Guide 10
Description and Use of this Second-Grade Teacher's Guide 12
Nine Steps for Teachers 16
Common Challenges and Solutions 17
Recommendation 1: Academic Language 19
Recommendation Reminder 19
Glossary 19
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Talking While You Read 21
What Is Talking While You Read? 21
Use CROWD to Talk While You Read 21
Family Literacy Video 22
1.1. Talking While You Read Using CROWD (3:54) 22
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Talking While You Read 23
Talking While You Read Trifold 1 24
Talking While You Read Trifold 2 25
Talking While You Read Trifold 3 27
Books to Share 29
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Talking While You Read Stories 30
Family Literacy Videos 31
1.1. Talking While You Read Stories (The Day the Crayons Quit) (5:38) 31
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Talking While You Read Stories 31
Talking While You Read Stories Bookmark 32
Books to Share 33
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Supporting Oral Language and Vocabulary 34
What Is Oral Language and Vocabulary? 34
How Can Families Support Oral Language and Vocabulary Development? 34
Family Literacy Video 34
1.3. Talking and Writing in the Kitchen (5:07) 35
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Supporting Oral Language and Vocabulary 35
Talking and Writing in the Kitchen 36
Grocery Shop Talk 37
Appendix 1 38
Teacher Text Messages to Families 38
Family Literacy Videos 38
Recommendation 2: Phonological Awareness and Letter-Sound Relations 39
Glossary 39
Phonological Awareness Continuum 40
A Sequence for Instruction 41
Recommendation 3: Decode, Analyze, Write, and Recognize Words 42
Recommendation Reminder 42
Glossary 42
Sound-Spelling Patterns 43
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Blending to Read Words: Short and Long Vowels 45
What Is Blending? 45
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Blending to Read Words: Short and Long Vowels 45
Short and Long Vowel Sort 46
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Blending Consonant Blends and Digraphs to Read Words 54
What Is Blending? 54
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Blending Consonant Blends and Digraphs to Read Words 54
Family Literacy Video 55
3.1. Fun With Consonant Blends and Digraphs (4:32) 55
Fun With Consonant Blends and Digraphs 56
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Blending to Spell Words: r-Controlled Vowels 64
What Is Blending? 64
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Blending to Spell Words: R-Controlled Vowels 64
Family Literacy Video 65
3.1. r-Controlled Vowels (2:45) 65
R-controlled Vowels: ar, er, ur, or, ir 66
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Floss Spelling Rule 68
What Is A Sound-Spelling Pattern? 68
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Floss Spelling Rule 68
Family Literacy Video 69
3.2. Floss Spelling Rule (3:47) 69
Floss Spelling Rule 70
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Long Vowel Spelling Patterns 72
What Is a Sound-Spelling Pattern? 72
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Long Vowel Spelling Patterns 72
Family Literacy Video 73
3.2. Long Vowel Spelling Patterns (4:25) 73
Long Vowel Spelling Patterns 74
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Vowel Diphthongs 80
What Is a Sound-Spelling Pattern? 80
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Vowel Diphthongs 80
Family Literacy Video 81
3.2. Vowel Diphthong Bingo (3:34) 81
Vowel Diphthong Bingo 82
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Double the Consonant Spelling Rule 90
What Is the Double the Consonant Spelling Rule? 90
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Double the Consonant Spelling Rule 90
Family Literacy Video 91
3.2. Double the Consonant Spelling Rule (4:25) 91
Double the Consonant Spelling Rule 92
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Change the y to i Spelling Rule 94
What is the Change the y to i Spelling Rule? 94
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Change the y to i Spelling Rule 94
Change the y to i Spelling Rule 95
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Open and Closed Syllables 98
What Are Open and Closed Syllables? 98
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Open and Closed Syllables 99
Map and Swoop Open Syllables and Closed Syllables 100
Open and Closed Syllable and Sort 104
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: VCe Syllable Pattern 107
What Is a VCe Syllable Pattern? 107
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: VCe Syllable Pattern 107
Map and Swoop VCe Syllable Pattern 108
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Vowel Team Syllable Pattern 111
What Is a Vowel Team Syllable Pattern? 111
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Vowel Team Syllable Pattern 111
Family Literacy Video 112
3.2. Vowel Team Syllable Pattern Practice (4:05) 112
Map and Swoop Vowel Team Syllable Pattern 113
Vowel Team Syllable Pattern Practice 116
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Vowel-r Syllable Pattern 119
What Is a Vowel-r Syllable Pattern? 119
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Common Sound-Spelling Pattern: Vowel-r Syllable Pattern 119
Family Literacy Video 120
3.2. Map and Swoop Vowel-r Syllable Pattern (4:24) 120
Map and Swoop Vowel-r Syllable Pattern 121
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts: Base Words and Inflectional Endings 124
What Are Common Word Parts? 124
Family Activity for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts: Base Words and Inflectional Endings 124
Family Literacy Video 125
3.3. Base Words and Inflectional Endings (4:00) 125
Base Words and Inflectional Endings 126
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts: Contractions 130
What Are Contractions? 130
Family Activity for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts: Contractions 130
Family Literacy Video 131
3.3. Contraction Bingo (1:54) 131
Contraction Bingo 132
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts: Prefixes and Suffixes 141
What Are Prefixes and Suffixes? 141
Family Activity for How-to Step 3: Common Word Parts: Prefixes and Suffixes 141
Family Literacy Video 142
3.3. Prefix or Suffix? (5:42) 142
Prefix or Suffix 143
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 4: Reading Words 151
Reading Words 151
Family Resources for How-to Step 4: Reading Words 151
Family Literacy Video 152
3.4. Let's Read! (4:44) 152
Let's Read! Text 1 153
Let's Read! Text 2 154
Let's Read! Text 3 155
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 5: High-Frequency Words 156
What Are High-Frequency Words? 156
Family Activities for How-to Step 5: High-Frequency Words 156
Family Literacy Video 157
3.5. Read and Spell High-Frequency Words (3:00) 157
Read and Spell High-Frequency Words 158
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 6: Challenging and Important Words 164
What Are Challenging and Important Words? 164
Family Activities for How-to Step 6: Challenging and Important Words Bookmark 164
Family Literacy Video 165
3.6. Challenging and Important Words (Moto and Me) (3:46) 165
Challenging and Important Words Bookmark 166
Books to Share 166
Appendix 3 167
Teacher Text Messages to Families 167
Family Literacy Videos 168
Books to Share 168
Teacher Resources 169
Recommendation 4: Fluency and Comprehension 170
Recommendation Reminder 170
Glossary 170
Reading Accurately and Fluently 171
Reading with Expression 171
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 1: Accurate and Efficient Word Identification 172
What Is Accurate and Efficient Word Identification? 172
How Can Families Support Accurate and Efficient Word Identification? 172
Family Activities for How-to Step 1: Accurate and Efficient Word Identification 173
Family Literacy Video 173
4.1. When You Read to Me (Happy Birthday, Danny and the Dinosaur!) (4:11) 173
When I Read to You/ When You Read to Me Bookmark 174
Books to Share 175
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 2: Self-Monitor Understanding and Self-Correct Errors 176
Recognizing Misread Words and Correcting Errors 176
Family Activities for How-to Step 2: Self-Monitor Understanding and Self-Correct Errors 176
Family Literacy Video 177
4.2. Does That Make Sense? (2:40) 177
Does That Make Sense? Bookmark 178
Books to Share 178
Teacher Scaffold for How-to Step 3: Oral Reading Practice 179
Why Is Oral Reading Practice Important? 179
How Can Families Support Oral Reading Practice? 179
Family Activities for How-to Step 3: Oral Reading Practice 180
Family Literacy Videos 180
4.3. Echo Reading (Danny and the Dinosaur and the New Puppy) (3:56) 180
4.3. Reading Together (Danny and the Dinosaur and the New Puppy) (2:10) 180
Practice Reading Out Loud Bookmark 181
Books to Share 182
Appendix 4 183
Teacher Text Messages to Families 183
Family Literacy Videos 184
Books to Share 184
References 185
Table 1. Four Recommendations and How-to Steps to Improve Foundational Reading Skills in Kindergarten Through Third Grade 11
Table 2. Sample Scope and Sequence of Family Activities Throughout the School Year 13
Table 3. Example of Activities for Two Family Literacy Nights a Year 14
Table 4. Videos for Second-Grade Family Involvement in Foundational Reading Skills 16
Table 5. Common Challenges and Solutions 18
Table 6. Sequence of Phonological Awareness Skills 40
Table 7. Consonant, Vowel, and Syllable-Construction Patterns 169
Figure 1. The What Works Clearinghouse Practice Guide and Supporting Professional Learning Community Materials and the Second-Grade Teacher's Guide 9