Title page
Contents
Foreword 4
Reader's Guide 50
Introduction 54
Chapter 1. All Levels of Education 60
Population 67
Characteristics of Households With Children 69
Enrollment Rates 75
Educational Attainment 79
Summary of Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools 91
Summary of Finances 96
Chapter 2. Elementary and Secondary Education 103
Historical 113
Enrollment Status and Child Care Arrangements of Young Children 116
Enrollment in Public Schools 121
Participation in Public School Services 130
Private School Education 137
Homeschooling and School Choice 146
Parent Involvement in Education 148
Teachers and Pupil/Teacher Ratios 154
Teacher Characteristics, Class Sizes, and Assignments 158
Teacher Salaries 159
School Principals 160
School Staff 162
Overview of Schools and School Districts 166
Large School Districts 171
Public Schools 174
Use of Computers and Technology 186
High School Completers and Dropouts 187
Skills of Young Children 200
Reading Achievement 202
Mathematics Achievement 206
Science Achievement 210
Achievement in Other Subjects 211
Coursetaking, Grades, and Retention in Grade 213
School Crime Victims 218
School Crime Incidents 220
School Environment 222
Fights and Weapons 225
Alcohol, Illicit Drugs, and Cigarettes 226
Discipline, Safety and Security, and Juvenile Justice 228
State Regulations 231
Revenues 234
Expenditures 238
Chapter 3. Postsecondary Education 254
Overview and Historical 266
Enrollment Rates 268
Total Fall Enrollment-General 273
Total Fall Enrollment-State-Level 289
First-Time Students and Admissions 296
Enrollment of Racial/Ethnic Groups 299
Full-Time-Equivalent Fall Enrollment 309
Student Residence and Migration 310
Study Abroad and Foreign Students 313
Programs and Courses 315
Large Institutions and Institutions Serving Specific Groups 324
Historically Black Colleges and Universities 326
Staff 330
Faculty and Instructional Staff 337
Faculty Salaries and Benefits 339
Institutions 346
Summary of Degrees Conferred 353
Degrees Conferred-State-Level 374
Certificates Below the Associate's Degree Level 376
Associate's Degrees 379
Bachelor's Degrees 382
Master's Degrees 385
Doctor's Degrees 388
Completion and Retention Rates 392
Security and Crime 396
Student Charges 403
Financial Aid for Undergraduates 411
Financial Aid for Postbaccalaureate Students 429
Revenues 433
Expenditures 440
Chapter 4. Federal Funds for Education and Related Activities 448
On-Budget and Off-Budget Support 458
Chapter 5. Outcomes of Education 464
Labor Force Status by Educational Attainment 469
Occupation and Earnings by Educational Attainment 478
Employment of Students 485
Labor Force Status of Recent High School Completers and Dropouts 488
Labor Market Outcomes for Recent Bachelor's Degree Completers 491
Skills of Adults and Continuing Education 493
Chapter 6. International Comparisons of Education 499
Population, Enrollment, and Teachers 508
Achievement, Instruction, and School Environment 512
Attainment, Degrees, and Outcomes 525
Skills of Adults 530
Finances 533
Chapter 7. Libraries and Use of Technology 536
Libraries 540
Computer and Internet Use 543
Appendix A. Guide to Sources 545
Appendix B. Definitions 606