Title page
Contents
Summary 4
01. Introduction 5
02. The context in Venezuela 9
03. The experience in other countries 16
04. A comparative assessment of Venezuela's reforms 28
05. The case for a comprehensive energy policy 34
06. Challenges for implementing reforms 37
07. Conclusion 40
About the authors 42
Acknowledgments 43
Table 1. Comparative overview of selected countries (2019) 18
Figure 1. Relative performance of Venezuela's oil and gas industry 10
Figure 2. Oil output growth comparison 17
Figure 3. Analysis structure 17
Figure 4/Figure 3. Oil and gas cost allocation 2019-20 27