Title page
Contents
1. Introduction 8
Project Background 8
Identifying the Need for Updating Crash Reports and Database Information 9
Methodology 10
Audience 11
Crash Data Stakeholder Roles and Responsibilities 12
Expectations for Implementation 13
Roadmap to the Guide 13
2. Crash Data Stakeholders 14
Crash Data System Stakeholders 14
Crash Data Collectors 14
Crash Data Managers 14
Crash Data Users 14
Bringing Crash Stakeholders to the Discussion 15
Data Collectors 16
Data Managers 17
Data Users 17
Using or Creating the CDUG 18
Potential Barriers 19
Recommended Objectives for the CDUG 19
A Tool for Engaging Crash Data Stakeholders 20
Summary 21
3. Increasing Alignment to the Model Minimum Uniform Crash Criteria 22
Benefits of Using MMUCC 22
Mapping to the MMUCC Guideline 23
Requesting an MMUCC Mapping 23
Mapping Process 25
Using the MMUCC Mapping Report to Improve the State Crash System 27
MMUCC Mapping Report 27
Conducting a Gap Analysis of the State Crash Database to the MMUCC Guideline 29
Step 1. Understand the State's Mapping Between the Crash Database and MMUCC 29
Step 2. Identify Data Gaps 30
Step 3. Define the State Targets to Align With MMUCC 33
Step 4. Devise Improvements to Address the Gaps 33
Step 5. Prioritize Improvements 36
Summary 38
4. Noteworthy Practices in Crash Data Collection, Linkage, and Documentation 39
Crash Data Collection Process 39
Noteworthy Practices Used for Crash Data Collection 39
Human Factors Design 39
Electronic Crash Report Submission 40
At-Scene Data Collection 40
Data Quality Considerations Necessary to Link the Data 43
Crash Data Enhancement Through Linkage 44
Data Sharing Agreements 44
Additional Considerations 46
Noteworthy Practices in Crash Data Linkage 46
Crash Data Linkage and Integration from Other Sources 46
Data Collection and Linkage Tracking 48
Crash Data System Documentation 49
Developing a Crash Data Dictionary 49
Additional Considerations 50
Noteworthy Practices in Creating a Crash Data Dictionary 50
Relevant and Uniform Documentation 50
Data Relationships 50
Derived and Linked Elements 51
Crash Data System Element Components 51
Crash Data System Element Component Descriptions 52
Summary 54
5. Building Edit Checks and Performance Measures 55
Crash Data Edit Checks Overview 55
Critical Errors 55
Warnings 56
Implementation 57
Using MMUCC Edit Checks 58
Developing Performance Measures 59
Summary 63
6. Deploying a New Crash System 64
Crash Systems Deployment Overview 64
Designing a Crash Data System 65
Designing the Data Collection Process 65
Updating Database Schema 66
Creating Interfaces 67
Identifying Storage Considerations for Updated Crash Data 67
Defining the Transmission Parameters for Crash Data 67
Deploying a New Crash System 68
Creating an Implementation Plan 68
Scheduling Major Tasks for the Deployment 68
Identifying the Critical Path for a New Calendar Year Implementation 69
Coordinating With State and Local Law Enforcement Records Management Systems 70
Coordinating Vendor Relationships 71
Managing Expectations 72
Training 72
Crash Data Collectors 72
Crash Data Managers 75
Crash Data Users 76
IT Support 76
Summary 76
References 77
Appendix A: Data References and NHTSA Data Relationship Considerations 78
Data References 79
NHTSA Data Relationship Considerations 79
Table 1. Crash Data Element Stakeholder Gap Analysis Tool 21
Table 2. Total Percent Mappable for All Elements 27
Table 3. Detailed Mapping Table 28
Table 4. Advantages of Understanding the Mapping at Each Level 29
Table 5. Sample MMUCC Gap Analysis Tracking Sheet 32
Table 6. Sample MMUCC Analysis With Improvements 35
Table 7. Sample MMUCC Gap Analysis Tracking Sheet With Priority 37
Table 8. Possible Variables to Auto-fill Through Linkages to Other Systems 41
Table 9. Tracking Percentage of Linked Records 48
Table 10. Tracking Data Systems Linked With Crash 48
Table 11. Average Timeliness of Crash Reports (Adapted from the CDIP Guide, Scopatz et al., 2017) 61
Table 12. Example Fields for a Crash Data Dictionary 65
Figure 1. Sample Traffic Records Stakeholders 15
Figure 2. MMUCC Mapping Process Flow 24
Figure 3. Example of State Data Structure 25
Figure 4. Example Data Dictionary 26
Figure 5. Gap Analysis Process 29
Figure 6. Illustration of Scenario Two 30
Figure 7. Possible Gap Scenarios and Associated Improvements 33
Figure 8. Four-Box Analysis 36
Figure 9. Example Crash Data Linkage Flow Chart for Electronic Report Submission 43
Figure 10. Crash Data Linkage Opportunities with Other Traffic Records Data Systems 44
Figure 11. Common Components in Data Sharing Agreements 45
Figure 12. CARTS Example 47
Figure 13. Data Element Components 51
Figure 14. Example Crash Data Dictionary Page 52
Figure 15. Warning Based on Lighting Condition and Time of Day 57
Figure 16. Edit Checks for Weather Conditions Using MMUCC 58
Figure 17. Edit Checks for Vehicle Model Year Using MMUCC 58
Figure 18. Examples of Crash Data Quality Performance Measures From the CDIP Guide (Scopatz et al., 2017) 59
Figure 19. SDLC 64
Figure 20. Crash Data Schema Example 66
Figure 21. Sample Network Diagram 69
Figure 22. Network Diagram with Defined Critical Path 70
Figure 23. Sample Lesson Plan 75
Figure 24. Crash Data References 79
Figure 25. Electronic Data Transfer Process 80