Title page
Contents
INTRODUCTION 3
PART 1. HISTORY: CONFLICTS OVER WOMEN'S ROLES IN AFGHANISTAN (1919-2001) 4
PART 2. WHAT DID NOT WORK: INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO EMPOWER AFGHAN WOMEN (2001-2021) 5
PART 3. WHAT DID WORK: IMPROVEMENTS IN LIVELIHOODS FOR AFGHAN WOMEN FROM 2001-2021 12
PART 4. AFGHAN WOMEN FROM AUGUST 2021 TO PRESENT 18
PART 5. ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY'S ENGAGEMENT FROM 2021 TO PRESENT 19
PART 6. RECOMMENDATIONS 21
ANNEX I. WOMEN'S RIGHTS LEGISLATION CREATED BY THE AFGHAN GOVERNMENT 29
ANNEX II. UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL TREATIES TO WHICH AFGHANISTAN IS A SIGNATORY 29
Figure 1. Support for Gender Equality-Disbursements by Sector and Agency for US Programs Supporting Afghan Women and Girls, 2002-2020 6
Figure 2. Life Expectancy in Afghanistan 12
Figure 3. Maternal Mortality Rate 13
Figure 4. Infant Mortality Rate 13
Figure 5. Lower Secondary Completion Rate 14
Figure 6. Number of Women in Afghan National Police and Afghan National Army 14