Title page
Contents
Summary 8
1. What is a proscribed organisation? 10
1.1. How is terrorism defined? 10
1.2. What is an organisation? 11
1.3. What policy factors are considered? 11
2. Proscription before the Terrorism Act 2000 12
2.1. Proscribed organisations in the UK and Northern Ireland under precursor legislation 12
3. Proscription under the Terrorism Act 2000 14
3.1. The original list of proscribed organisations 14
3.2. Adding and removing organisations to the proscribed list 14
3.3. Grounds for proscription 14
3.4. Aliases 15
3.5. Proscription offences and sanctions 16
Offences 16
Sanctions and penalties 17
3.6. How proscription relates to other executive powers 17
3.7. The current list of proscribed organisations 17
Recent additions 18
Recent debate about proscription of other organisations 21
4. Appeals against proscription 24
4.1. How can an organisation be de-proscribed? 24
4.2. Which organisations have been de-proscribed? 25
5. Analysis: Purposes and effects of proscription 26
5.1. What is the purpose of proscribing organisations? 26
5.2. Does proscription work to reduce terrorism? 26
5.3. Reviews and recommendations of proscription rules 27
Recommendations of Lord Anderson 27
Recommendations of Max Hill KC 29
6. Annex: Proscribed organisations 31
Additions in March 2001 31
Al-Qa'ida 31
Egyptian Islamic Jihad 32
Al-Gama'at al-Islamiya 32
Armed Islamic Group (Groupe Islamique Armee) (GIA) 33
Salafist Group for Call and Combat (Groupe Salafiste pour la Predication et le Combat) (GSPC) 33
International Sikh Youth Federation [De-proscribed March 2016] 34
Babbar Khalsa 34
Harakat Mujahideen 35
Jaish e Mohammed 35
Lashkar e Tayyaba 36
Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) 36
Hizballah External Security Organisation [Substituted in 2008 by "The military wing of Hizballah" including the Hizballah External Security Organisation] 36
Hamas-Izz al-Din al-Qassem Brigades 37
Palestinian Islamic Jihad - Shaqaqi 38
Abu Nidal Organisation 39
Islamic Army of Aden 40
Mujaheddin e Khalq (or PMOI) [De-proscribed June 2008] 40
Kurdistan Workers' Party (Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan) (PKK) 41
Revolutionary Peoples' Liberation Party - Front (Devrimci Halk Kurtulus Partisi - Cephesi) (DHKP-C) 42
Basque Homeland and Liberty (Euskadi ta Askatasuna) (ETA) 42
17 November Revolutionary Organisation (N17) 43
Additions in 2002 43
Jeemah Islamiyah (JI) 44
Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) 44
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) 45
Asbat Al-Ansar ('League of Partisans' or 'Band of Helpers') 45
Additions in 2005 46
Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) [De-proscribed in 2019] 46
Groupe Islamique Combattant Marocain (GICM) 46
Ansar Al Islam 47
Al Ittihad Al Islamia (AIAI) 47
Islamic Jihad Union - formerly known as Islamic Jihad Group 48
Ansar Al Sunna (AS) ("Devotees of the Sunna") 49
Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (HIG) 49
Harakat-ul-Mujahideen/Alami (HuM/A) and Jundallah 50
Sipah-e Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) Aka Millat-e Islami Pakistan (MIP) and Splinter group: Lashkar-e Jhangvi (LeJ) 50
Khuddam ul-Islam (KuI) and Splinter group: Jamaat ul-Furquan (JuF) 51
Harakat-ul-Jihad-ul-Islami (HUJI) 51
Harakat-ul-Jihad-ul-Islami (Bangladesh) (HUJI-B) 52
Additions in 2006 52
Al-Ghurabaa & The Saved Sect (AG and SS) 53
Al-Ghurabaa (AG) 53
The Saved Sect (SS) 53
Baluchistan Liberation Army (BLA) 53
Teyrebaz Azadiye Kurdistan (TAK) 54
Additions in 2007 54
Jammat-ul Mujahideen Bangladesh 54
Tehrik Nefaz-e Shari'at Muhammadi 54
Addition and removal in 2008 54
Military wing of Hizballah, including the Jihad Council and all units reporting to it (including the Hizballah External Security Organisation)" in substitution... 55
Addition in 2010 55
Al Shabaab 55
Addition in 2011 56
Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan 56
Addition in July 2012 56
Indian Mujahideen 56
Addition in November 2012 57
Ansarul Muslimina Fi Biladis Sudan (Vanguard for the protection of Muslims in Black Africa) (Ansaru) 57
Additions in July 2013 57
Jama'atu Ahli Sunna Lidda Awati Wal Jihad (Boko Haram) 57
Minbar Ansar Deen (MAD) (Ansar Al Sharia UK) 57
Addition in December 2013 58
Imarat Kavkaz (IK) (the Caucasus Emirate) 58
Additions in April 2014 58
Ansar Bayt al-Maqdis (ABM) 58
Al Murabitun 59
Ansar Al Sharia-Tunisia (AAS-T) 60
Additions in June 2014 60
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham) (Dawat al Islamiya fi Iraq wa al Sham (DAISh)) 61
Turkiye Halk Kurtulus Partisi-Cephesi (THKP-C) 62
Kateeba al-Kawthar (KaK) 62
Abdallah Azzam Brigades including the Ziyad al-Jarrah Battalions 62
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine General Command (PFLP-GC) 63
Additions in November 2014 64
Ansar al-Sharia-Benghazi (Partisans of Islamic Law) 64
Ajnad Misr (Soldiers of Egypt) 64
Jaysh al Khalifatu Islamiya (Army of the Islamic Caliphate) (Majahideen of the Caucasus and the Levant) 65
Additions in January 2015 65
Jund al-Aqsa (Soldiers of Al-Aqsa) 65
Jund al Khalifah-Algeria (Soldiers of the Caliphate in Algeria) 66
Additions in March 2015 66
Jamaat ul-Ahrar (JuA) 66
The Haqqani Network (HQN) 67
Removal in March 2016 68
Additions in July 2016 68
Global Islamic Media Front (including GIMF Bangla Team (Ansarullah BanglaTeam) (Ansar-alIslam)) 68
Mujahedeen Indonesia Timur (East Indonesia Mujahedeen) 69
Turkestan Islamic Party (East Turkestan Islamic Party) (East Turkestan Islamic Movement) (East Turkestan Jihadist Movement) (Hizb al-Islami al-Turkistani) 69
Jamaah Anshorut Daulah 70
Additions in December 2016 70
National Action 71
Additions and removal in December 2017 71
Al-Ashtar Brigades 71
Al-Mukhtar Brigades 72
Hasam 72
Liwa al-Thawra 72
Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (De-proscription) 72
Name changes in February 2019 72
The Revolutionary Peoples' Liberation Party-Front (DHKP-C) 72
ISIS 73
Additions in March 2019 73
Hizballah 73
Jammat Nusrat al-Islam Wal-Muslimin 73
Ansaroul Islam 73
Additions in 2020 73
Sonnenkrieg Division 74
Feuerkrieg Division 74
Additions in 2021 75
Atomwaffen Division (AWD), including National Socialist Order (NSO) 75
The Base 75
Hamas 76
Additions in 2023 76
Wagner Group 76
Additions in 2024 77