Title page
Contents
Summary 4
1. Recent developments in the Horn of Africa 9
1.1. Djibouti 9
1.2. Eritrea 10
1.3. Ethiopia 11
1.4. Somalia 13
1.5. Sudan 16
2. Regional relations and tensions 18
2.1. Security of the Red Sea: Houthi attacks 18
2.2. Fluctuating relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea 19
2.3. Ethiopia and Somalia 19
2.4. Blue Nile dam: Ethiopia and Sudan tensions 21
2.5. Somali coast: a return of pirates? 21
3. Humanitarian issues 23
3.1. Food insecurity 23
3.2. Internally displaced persons 24
3.3. Conflict related sexual violence 25
3.4. Cholera outbreak and other diseases 25
4. The Gulf States and the Horn of Africa 27
4.1. Growth in investment 27
4.2. Intra-Arabian competition 28
5. China and the Horn of Africa 31
5.1. Special envoy signals new engagement 31
5.2. Bilateral relations 33